Figure 1 : A Broad Outline of the Various Complaint Processes for Title IX 



Universities 



Federal 

 agencies 



Courts 



Source: GAO analysis. 



The four science agencies we reviewed for this request — Education, 

 Energy, NASA, and NSF — award billions of dollars in grants each year for 

 mathematics, engineering, and science grants and projects. Combined, 

 these four agencies awarded almost $5 billion in grants for the sciences in 

 fiscal year 2003. NASA, Energy, and NSF have been promoting scientific 

 and technological research and programs in K-12 schools, higher 

 education, and private industry for decades. Although Education's mission 

 encompasses more than scientific research, it has several programs 

 dedicated to the sciences. One such program. Graduate Assistance in 

 Areas of National Need, provides fellowships, through academic 

 departments of institutions of higher education; these fellowships assist 

 graduate students with excellent records who demonstrate financial need 

 and who plan to pursue the highest degree available in a field designated 

 as an area of national need. This program has designated biology, 

 chemistry, computer and infonnation science, engineering, geological 

 science, mathematics, and physics as areas of national need. This program 

 was funded at over $30 milUon in fiscal year 2003. (See app. IV for a Ust of 

 grants these agencies award for the sciences.) 



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GAO-04-639 Gender Issues 



