452 



FISHERY BULLETIN OF THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE 



DEFINITIONS OF TERMS 



Standard length. — Distance from tip of snout to posterior 

 border of hypural bones. (All measurements from tip of 

 snout are with mouth closed and do not include any an- 

 terior protrusion of incisor teeth in adults.) 



Eye diameter. — Horizontal width of the orbit. 

 Head length. — Distance from tip of snout to posterior 

 fleshy margin of opercle. 



Body depth at pelvic fin. — Distance from base of pelvic 

 spine to base of first dorsal spine. 



Snout to dorsal fin. — Distance from tip of snout to base 

 of first dorsal spine. 



Snout to anal fin. — Distance from tip of snout to base of 

 first anal spine. 



Snout to pectoral fin. — Distance from tip of snout to in- 

 sertion of first pectoral ray. 



Snout to pelvic fin. — Distance from tip of snout to base of 

 pelvic spine. 



Pectoral fin length. — Distance from insertion of first pec- 

 toral ray to tip of fin v\ith fin pre.ssed to side of specimen. 

 Spine. — A fin ray which is relatively inflexible, is unseg- 

 mented or becomes unsegmented during development and 

 does not have flattened tip. (Counts are listed by roman 

 numerals.) 



Soft-ray. — A fin ray which is relatively flexible, is seg- 

 mented or becomes segmented during development and 

 usually has a flattened or branched tip. (In caudal fin 

 the counts are listed: dorsal plus ventral.) 



Teeth. — Counts given are for one side of one jaw. 

 Gill rakers. — (1) Entire first arch — total number, inclnd- 

 ing tubercles, on the first gill arch on one side. (2) Upper 

 limb — total on epibranchial bone in first arch excluding 

 raker at angle. (3) Lower limb — total on ceratobranchial 

 and basibranchial bones in first arch including raker at 

 angle. (4) Ceratobranchial bone — total on bone in first 

 arch including raker at angle and any others partly at- 

 tached to this bone (frequently one raker at junction of 

 the ceratobranchial and basibranchial bones is only partly 

 attached to the ceratobrancial) . 



Scales. — (1) Row above lateral line — counted in the row- 

 above the lateral line, to base of caudal rays. (2) Straight 

 line — counted along the continuous horizontal row which 

 terminates one row below the lateral line at the caudal 

 peduncle, small scales at cleithrum excluded. 



Atlantic coast of the United States. — Along the Atlantic 

 coast from Eastport, Maine, to Dry Tortugas Islands, 

 Florida, including the Florida Current to the Bahama 

 Islands. 



Northern Bahamas.— The Bahama Islands lying north of 

 Latitude 23°.30' North. 



MATERIAL 



Measurements and counts of selected parts were 

 recorded from 115 specimens of Kyjjhosvs sectatrix 

 ranging from 10.4 to 260 mm. (table 1), and from 

 99 specimens of Kyphosus incisor ranging from 

 8.5 to 252 mm. (table 2). The specimens of 

 Kyphosus at the Biological Laboratory, Bruns- 



wick, Ga., ranging from 8.7 to 54.5 mm., were 

 supplemented by material ranging from 8.5 to 

 260 mm. from the U.S. National Museum, the 

 Charleston Museum, the University of Florida 

 Collections, and the Jamaica collection of David 

 K. Caldwell. 



KYPHOSUS SECTATRIX (LINNAEUS) 



Peira saltatrix Linnaeus, 1758: p. 293 (Bahamas, 

 Florida, or Carolina), misprint for sectatrix in Catesby, 

 1743: p. 8. 



Perca sectatrix Linnaeus, 1766: p. 486 (Bahamas, Florida 

 or Carolina), correction of misprint. 



Chaetodon cyprinaceus (Broussonet) Gmelin, 1789: 

 p. 1269 (tropical Atlantic). 



Pimelepterus bosquii Lac6pede, 1803: p. 429, pi. IX, 

 fig. 1 (South Carolina). 



Pimelepterus boscii Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 

 1831: p. 258, pi. CLXXXVII (Carolina). 



Pimelepterus oblongior Cuvier in Cuvier and Valenci- 

 ennes, 1831: p. 264 (locality unknown). 



Pimelepterus boscii var. sicula Doderlein, 1884: p. 83 

 (Gulf of Palermo). 



Cyphosus bosqui Jordan, 1884: p. 128 (Key West, 

 Florida). 



Cyphosus elegans (non Peters) Metzelaar, 1919: j). 44 

 (Curacao, Venezuela). 



Kyphosus palpebrosus Miranda Ribeiro, 1919: p. 176 

 (Isle of Trindade, Brazil). 



Kyphosus metzelaari Jordan and Evermann, 1927: p. 506 

 (Curacao, Venezuela). 



Kyphosus incisor (non Cuvier) Parr, 1930: p. 66 (Turks 

 Island, British West Indies). 



Kyphosus incisor (non Cuvier) Fowler, 1944: p. 87 

 (Roncador Bank, Colombia; off coast of Nicaragua). 



Kyphosus lutescens (non Jordan and Gilbert) Carvalho, 

 1950: p. 116 (Isle of Trindade, Brazil). 



Kyphosus sectator Tortonese, 1954: p. 82 (Palermo, 

 Sicily). 



The nomenclature of Kyphosus sectatrix (Lin- 

 naeus, 1766) has been decisive since Jordan and 

 Gilbert (1883) noted that Lacepede had used the 

 name Kyphosus for Kyphosus bigibbus (1802) 

 earlier than Pimelepterus. Jordan and Gilbert 

 (1883) also said: "The word should however be 

 spelled with an initial C, as Cyphosus." Many 

 subsequent authors made this change. Lacepede 

 did not spell it with a "C," therefore, the correct 

 name is Kyphosus. 



The species K. palpebrosus Miranda Ribeiro 

 (1919), taken at the Isle of Trindade, Brazil, is 

 placed in synonymy with this species since the 

 description of the type differs only slightly from 

 the description of K. sectatrix. Measurements 

 of selected parts of the 250-mm. holotype, taken 



