Ruggerone et al.: Seasonal growth of Oncorhynchus nerka in relation to competition with O. gorbuscha 



369 



Bigler. B. S„ D. W. Welch, and J. H. Helle. 



1996. A review of size trends among North Pacific sal- 

 mon [Oncorhynchus spp.). Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 53: 

 445-465. 

 Bilton, H. T. 



1975. Factors affecting the formation of scales. Int. 

 North Pacific Fish. Coram. Bull. 32:102-108. 

 Bilton, H. T., and S. A. M. Ludwig. 



1966. Times of annulus formation on scales of sockeye, 

 pink, and chum salmon in the Gulf of Alaska. J. Fish. 

 Res. Board Can. 23:1403-1410. 

 Birman, I. B. 



1960. Times of formation of annuli on the scales of Pacific 



salmon, and the rate of growth of pink salmon. (Doklady 



Akad. Nauk SSSR 132:1187-1190). Transl. Fish Res. 



Board Can. No. 327. 



Brodeur, R. D., B. W. Frost, S. R. Hare. R. C. Francis, and W. J. 



Ingraham Jr. 



1996. Interannual variations in zooplankton biomass 



in the Gulf of Alaska, and covariation with California 



current zooplankton biomass. Calif. Coop. Oceanic 



Invest. Rep. 37:80-99. 



Brodeur, R., S. McKinnell, K. Nagasawa, W. Pearcy, V. Rad- 



chencko, and S. Takagi. 



1999. Epipelagic nekton of the North Pacific subarctic 

 and transition zones. Progr. Oceanogr. 43:365-397. 



Brodeur, R. D., and D. M. Ware. 



1992. Long-term variability in zooplankton biomass in the 

 subarctic Pacific Ocean. Fish. Oceanogr. 1:32-38. 

 Clutter, R. I., and L. E. Whitesel. 



1956. Collection and interpretation of sockeye salmon 

 scales. Bull. Int. Pac. Salmon Fish. Coram. 9, 159 p. 

 Coyle, K. O., V. G. Chavtur. and A. I. Pinchuk. 



1996. Zooplankton of the Bering Sea: a review of Rus- 

 sian-language literature. In Ecology of the Bering Sea: 

 a review of Russian literature (O. A. Mathisen, K. O. 

 Coyle, eds.), p. 97-133. Alaska Sea Grant, Fairbanks, 

 AK. 

 Davis, N. D. 



2003. Feeding ecology of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus 

 spp. I in the central North Pacific Ocean and central 

 Bering Sea, 1991-2000. Ph.D. diss., 190 p. Hokkaido 

 Univ., Hakodate, Japan. 

 Davis, N. D., K. Y. Aydin, and Y. Ishida. 



2000. Diel catches and food habits of sockeye, pink, and 

 chum salmon in the central Bering Sea in summer. North 

 Pacific Anadr. Fish Coram. Bull. 2:99-109. 



Davis, N„ K. W. Myers, R. V. Walker, and C. K. Harris. 



1990. The Fisheries Research Institute's high seas salmo- 

 nid tagging program and methodology for scale pattern 

 analysis. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 7:863-879. 

 Francis, R. C, S. R. Hare, A. B. Hollowed, and W. S. Wooster. 

 1998. Effects of interdecadal climate variability on the 

 oceanic ecosystems of the NE Pacific. Fish. Oceanogr. 

 7:1-21. 

 French, R., H. Bilton, M. Osako, and A. Hartt. 



1976. Distributions and origin of sockeye salmon 

 (Oncorhynchus nerka) in offshore waters of the North 

 Pacific Ocean. Int. North Pacific Fish. Comm. Bull. 

 34:1-113. 

 Fukuwaka, M. 



1998. Scale and otolith patterns prove history of Pacific 

 salmon. North Pacific Anadr. Fish Comm. Bull. 1: 

 190-198. 

 Fukuwaka, M., and M. Kaeriyama. 



1997. Scale analyses to estimate somatic growth in sock- 



eye salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka. Can. J. Fish Aquat. 

 Sci. 54:631-636. 

 Groot, C, and L. Margolis. 



1991. Pacific salmon life histories, 564 p. UBC Press, 

 Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. 

 Hartt. A. C, and M. B. Dell. 



1986. Early oceanic migrations and growth of juvenile 

 Pacific salmon and steelhead trout. Int. North Pacific 

 Fish. Comm. Bull. 46:1-105. 

 Ishida, Y, S. Ito, Y. Ueno, and J. Sakai. 



1998. Seasonal growth patterns of Pacific salmon 

 (Oncorhynchus spp.) in offshore waters of the North 

 Pacific Ocean. North Pacific Anadr. Fish Comm. Bull. 

 1:66-80. 

 Juanes, F. 



1994. What determines prey size selectivity in piscivorous 

 fishes? In Theory and application in fish feeding ecol- 

 ogy l D. J. Stouder, K. L. Fresh, and R. J. Feller, eds.), p. 

 79-100. Univ. South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC. 

 Kaeriyama, M., M. Nakamura, R. Edpalina, J. R. Bower. 

 M. Yamaguchi, R. V. Walker, and K. W. Myers. 



2004. Change in the feeding ecology and trophic dynam- 

 ics of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in the central 

 Gulf of Alaska in relation to climate events. Fish. 

 Oceanogr. 13:197-207. 

 Koo. T. S. Y. 



1962. Age and growth studies of red salmon scales by 

 graphical means. In Studies of Alaska red salmon 

 (T.S.Y. Koo, ed.), p. 49-121. Publ. Fish., New Series 

 1, University of Washington , Seattle. 

 Mackas, D. L., R. Goldblatt, and A. G. Lewis. 



1998. Interdecadal variation in developmental timing of 

 Neocalanus plumchrus populations at Ocean Station P 

 in the subarctic North Pacific. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. 

 Sci. 55:1878-1893. 



Mackas. D. L., and A. Tsuda. 



1999. Mesozooplankton in the eastern and western sub- 

 arctic Pacific: community structure, seasonal life his- 

 tories, and interannual variability. Progr. Oceanogr. 

 43:335-363. 



Martinson, E. C, and J. H. Helle. 



2000. Time of annulus formation of chum salmon in the 

 North Pacific Ocean in 1998 and 1999. North Pacific 

 Anadr. Fish Comm. Bull. 2:13-144. 



Nagasawa, K. 



1998. Predation by salmon sharks (Lamna ditropis) 

 on Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) in the North 

 Pacific Ocean. North Pacific Anadr. Fish Comm. Bull. 

 1:419-433. 



2000. Winter zooplankton biomass in the Subarctic North 



Pacific, with a discussion on overwintering survival 



strategy of Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). North 



Pacific Anadr. Fish Comm. Bull. 2:21-32. 



Napp, J. M., C. T. Baier, R. D. Brodeur, K. O. Coyle, N. Shiga, 



and K. Mier. 



2002. Interannual and decadal variability in zooplank- 

 ton communities of the southeastern Bering Sea 

 shelf. Deep-Sea Res. Series II 49: 5991-6008. 

 Nesis, K. N. 



1997. Gonatid squids in the subarctic North Pacific: 

 ecology, biogeography, niche diversity and role in the 

 ecosystem. Adv. Mar. Ecol. 32: 245-324. 

 Pearcy, W. G., KY. Aydin, and R. D. Brodeur. 



1999. What is the carrying capacity of the North Pacific 

 Ocean for salmonids. PICES Press 7:17-23. 



