FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 80, NO. 2 



Mandible (Fig. 5D).— Mandible grooved, with- 

 out spines or teeth. Palp curved, naked. 



Maxillule (Fig. 5E).— Coxopodite and basipodite 

 more rounded than in zoeal stages. Coxopodite 

 and naked endopodite unsegmented. 



Maxilla (Fig. 5F).— Proximal expansion of 

 scaphognathite somewhat bulbous. Endopodite 

 without setae. Basipodite bilobed with five or six 

 short setae on each lobe. Coxopodite bilobed with 

 short seta on distal lobe. 



First maxilliped (Fig. 5G).— Smaller, less 

 developed than in zoeal stages. Endopodite and 

 exopodite curved posteriorly; unsegmented 

 endopodite without setae. Two-segmented exo- 

 podite with two minute spines at tip. 



Second maxilliped (Fig. 5H). — Endopodite 

 curved posteriorly, smaller and less developed 

 than in Stage IV. Exopodite with five natatory 

 setae. 



two zoeal stages and the glaucothoe; Sars (1890) 

 described the prezoea, first zoeal stage (both 

 obtained from known parentage), and last zoeal 

 stage (obtained from plankton). (The term "inter- 

 mediate stage" in Sars' figure legend refers to 

 the first zoea [MacDonald et al. 1957].) Sars' 

 figures of the prezoeal telson and of Stage I are 

 shown by Gurney (1942). The only other pub- 

 lished description of Lithodes larvae known to 

 me is that of L. antarctica larvae described from 

 specimens reared in the laboratory (Campodoni- 

 co 1971). 



Larvae of L. aequispina, L. antarctica, and L. 

 maja can be distinguished (see Table 1). In 

 general, larvae of L. maja have fewer stages and 

 are more developed for a given stage than larvae 

 of L. aequispina and L. antarctica. In Stage I L. 

 maja, the eyes are stalked, and the telson and 

 somite 6 are jointed. In contrast, the eyes of L. 

 aequispina and L. antarctica are not stalked 

 until Stage II, and the telson and somite 6 are not 

 jointed until Stage IV in L. aequispina and Stage 



Third maxilliped (Fig. 51). — Posteriorly curved 

 endopodite with numerous setae. Exopodite with 

 five natatory setae. 



Pereopods. — Chelae (Fig. 5J) of pereopod 1 typi- 

 cally adult, more spinous and setose than in 

 Stage IV. Right chela slightly larger than left 

 chela. Pereopods 2-4 typically adult in shape and 

 spination. Pereopod 5 same as in Stage IV. 



Pleopods.— Pleopods 2-5 setose, about 2.5 times 

 height of somites. Endopodites with a few 

 cincinnuli. Pleopod 6 with four setae terminally 

 that extend considerably beyond telson. 



Abdomen and telson (Fig. 5K, L).— Pair of dorso- 

 posterior spines on somites 1-5. Somites 2-5 with 

 pair of dorsoanterior spines and three pairs of 

 posterolateral spines. Somite 6 with pair of dor- 

 soanterior spines. All somites with hairs; one 

 hair usually near each spine. Terminal margin of 

 telson indented, with a few minute spines or 

 setae. 



COMPARISON OF LARVAL STAGES 



WITH DESCRIPTIONS BY 



OTHER AUTHORS 



All the larval stages of L. maja have been 

 described. MacDonald et al. (1957) described the 



Table 1.— Morphological characteristics for distinguishing 

 between larvae of Lithodes aequispina, L. antarctica, and L. 

 maja. ? = no information available. 



'in addition to a minute setal pair 



312 



