FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 80, NO. 3 



until exogenous feeding becomes established, 

 after which it gradually decreases consumption 

 of oil until oil energy is depleted. An initial 

 adjustment to exogenous energy intake is fol- 

 lowed by a continuously increasing exogenous 

 input concomitant with decreased reliance on oil 

 energy. Growth showed an interesting pattern 

 that suggested it is closely linked to oil energy 

 prior to feeding and to exogenous food energy 

 after initiation of feeding. Growth rates declined 

 steadily to D-6 and increased abruptly there- 

 after. 



Metabolism increased steadily during incuba- 

 tion and hatching. After the energy consuming 

 hatching process it decreased slightly to the on- 

 set of feeding. After D-7, increasing activity 

 associated with feeding resulted in continuously 

 increasing metabolism. 



Nonassimilation is the energy remaining after 

 metabolism and growth are subtracted from the 

 total energy input. When energy input is endoge- 

 nous, nonassimilation comprises poor utilization 

 and/or redeposition of yolk and oil into other tis- 

 sues. Nonassimilation of exogenous food is 

 mostly due to undigested food. In this model non- 

 assimilation fluctuated with oil input energy and 

 growth to first feeding. It increased during 

 adjustment to feeding and declined when both oil 

 and food calories were available. As Artemia be- 

 came the main energy source nonassimilation in- 

 creased. Poor digestion in older larvae in the 

 form of nearly intact Artemia in the intestines 

 was seen commonly, especially in the high food 

 rations. 



The bioenergetics model and its parameters 

 are presently being used to measure various 

 abiotic and biotic stresses, including pollutants. 

 It promises to be a useful method for assessing 

 the effects of these factors. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



Many individuals, to whom we are indebted 

 contributed to the research in this paper. We 

 especially wish to thank Michael D. Cochran and 

 Donald E. Stevens, and their colleagues, of the 

 California Department of Fish and Game, for 

 continuous support and assistance in our work. 



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