BURGESS: FOUR NEW SPECIES OF SQUID ENOPLOTEUTHIS 



Table 6.— Continual. 



From stomach of Alepisaurus. 

 2 Regurgitated by a porpoise 



condition of the specimen. Enoploteuthis gal- 

 axias, chuni, and theragrae have a midventral 

 row of photophores on the head flanked by two 

 lateral rows which extend (without branching) 

 to the ventral arms. These three species are 

 found in the western Pacific: chuni and theragrae 

 from Japan and galaxias from Australia. The re- 

 maining species of this complex, anapsis, jonesi, 

 and higginsi, are very similar: All have distal 

 club sucker rings without teeth; all have an in- 

 complete midventral row of photophores on the 

 head (represented by a short anterior segment 

 near the base of the ventral arms and by a tri- 

 angular patch of photophores in the apex of the 

 funnel groove); the first lateral row of photo- 

 phores on the head is divided and reunited before 

 extending to the ventral arms; and all have an 

 incomplete photophore row on arm III. The 

 longitudinal rows of photophores on the mantle 

 are easily recognized in anapsis and jonesi, but 

 not in higginsi. 



Enoploteuthis leptura, octolineata, obliqua, 

 and reticulata comprise the other species com- 

 plex. They all have thin, slender, and short 

 tentacles, clubs without semilunar membranes, 

 few club suckers that lie in two rows, and a 

 continuous midventral space on the head. 

 Enoploteuthis octolineata and E. leptura are 

 similar in that both have distinctly separated 

 first and second lateral rows of photophores on 

 the head, and lack a triangular patch of photo- 

 phores in the apex of the funnel groove although 

 each of the first lateral rows continues into the 

 groove. Both species also have distinct and well- 

 spaced mantle and funnel photophores. Enoplo- 

 teuthis reticulata and E. obliqua also show 



similarities. The photophore pattern on the head, 

 arms, and funnel have basically the same 

 arrangement: Two small clusters of photo- 

 phores, separated by a narrow space, are present 

 in the apex of the funnel groove and, except for 

 the continuous midventral space, single photo- 

 phores are present posteriorly in the spaces 

 between the funnel photophore rows. Thus, the 

 rows are not completely separated. However, the 

 mantle photophore pattern of each species is 

 distinct: oblique in one and reticulate in the 

 other. Enoploteuthis reticulata and E. galaxias 

 have similar patterns of mantle photophores, but 

 their head photophore patterns and some 

 features of the clubs differ. The reticulate pat- 

 tern on the mantle is probably an independently 

 developed trait. 



The spermatophores of E, higginsi and E. 

 anapsis are both intricately sculptured, while 

 those of E. leptura, E. obliqua, and E. reticulata 

 are simple. Since the spermatophores of the 

 other species are undescribed, it remains to be 

 seen if the sculptured type are only associated 

 with the first species complex and the simple 

 type with the second complex. The important 

 characters (except photophore pattern) of these 

 two complexes are listed in Table 7. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES OF 



ENOPLOTEUTHIS 

 (ADULTS, WORLDWIDE) 



1. Tentacular stalk and club narrow, 

 suckers on dactylus few and in two rows; 

 carpal cluster elongate; semilunar mem- 

 brane absent 2 



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