Corps of Engineers.— Findings developed in impact 

 assessment studies are applied to problems of 

 engineering construction and industrial siting. The 

 studies include demonstration programs on scaled 

 physical models and prototypes to determine the 

 validity of the findings and their effectiveness in 

 resolving the problem. 



1971 1972 1973 



$2.63 $4.30 $5.10 



V. Development of Ecological Research 



a. Development of Ecological Principles 



Atomic Energy Commission.— Research is on 



understanding basic functional processes, 

 synthesizing data, and modeling for predictive 

 purposes. This research is concerned with deciphering 

 the normal operations and functions of natural systems 

 not yet subjected to significant disruptions from 

 ordinary pollutants or from radionuclides. Projects are 

 concerned with energetics of natural populations of 

 freshwater macroconsumers, structure and function in 

 lake metabolism, energy transfer between 

 invertebrates and vertebrates of a stream, control of 

 productivity and population characteristics in aquatic 

 communities and marine food chains. 



1971 1972 1973 



$1.24 $1.24 $1.34 



Department of the Interior.— The Fish and Wildlife 

 Service supports research in connection with its 

 primary missions of sound management of animal 

 populations under its jurisdiction and in basic studies 

 by the Office of Water Resources Research, the 

 Geological Survey and the National Park Service. 



1971 1972 1973 



$0.51 $0.50 $0.53 



Smithsonian Institution. — Taxonomic, behavioral, 

 and ecological research on natural ecosystems results 

 in development of fundamental principles on 

 ecosystem stability and fragility, and on species or 

 population changes and modifications. This type of 

 research is being carried out in many parts of the world, 

 especially in the tropics. Various studies on speciation, 

 mimicry, habits of predation and parasitism, and 

 feeding relationships between organisms are 



72 



