b. Impact of alternative patterns of land and water use on 

 (1) production of commodities and amenities, (2) quality 

 of the environment, and (3) public access to benefits. 



c. Impact of alternative patterns and intensities of recrea- 

 tional use on parks, wilderness, and natural areas, 

 other public and private lands, and on public health. 



d. Impact and amelioration of non-point source water 

 pollution due to runoff from urban and rural land. 



e. Impact of toxicants on populations and ecosystems, 

 including long-term effects on reproduction, genetic 

 constitution, and tumor formation. 



f. Ecological impact of alternative patterns and inten- 

 sities of development of electrical power resources. 



g. Impact of alternative patterns of use and disposal of 

 biodegradable wastes (e.g., feedlot wastes, city sludge). 



h. Global monitoring of terrestrial and aquatic 

 ecosystems and the impact of man's activities on them. 



i. Impact of weather modifications on ecosystems. 



j. Tropical forest ecosystems including impact of alterna- 

 tive patterns and intensities of human activity. 



k. Fish and wildlife habitat. 



1. Impact of alternative methods of pest control in natural 

 and managed ecosystems. 



Fresh Water and Marine Ecosystems 



a. Impact of man's activities on wetlands ecosystems. 



b. Ecology of marine mammals, especially whale popula- 

 tions and the impact of present and prospective 

 whaling. 



c. Systems studies of marine and estuarine fish species, 

 especially those of present or potential food importance. 



d. Managed systems for production of fish and shellfish. 



e. Ecology of ocean dwelling zones. 



f. Integrated ecosystems studies of lakes to provide bases 

 for management of water quality. 



g. Fate and effect of oil in the ocean. 



Recommendation 4 a. Utilize naturally bounded regional systems of 



landscape as units for research planning and manage- 

 ment, rather than artificial or political subdivisions. 



b. Implement this recommendation by integrating in the 

 least disruptive manner with presently established 



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