Corps of Engineers.— Studies are made of dredging 

 operations conducted to remove sedimentation deposits 

 which would hinder ship operations. The Corps has 

 completed studies in the Great Lakes and other regions 

 related to disposal of dredge spoil by developing 

 disposal areas for polluted spoil and experimenting 

 with creation of new marshlands with unpolluted 

 spoils. This work is important in mitigating 

 detrimental impacts on ecosystems and providing 

 suitable conditions for creation of new ecosystems. 

 Techniques are being developed for measuring the 

 impact of normal sedimentary processes in order to 

 enhance downstream ecosystems. 



1971 1972 1973 



$0.27 $0.38 $0.50 



National Science Foundation.— Research grants 

 consider new evaluation techniques for examining 

 impact of man's activities on other biota, incorporation 

 of ecological information into technology assessments, 

 and role of ecological understanding in citizen 

 participation in evaluating environmental impacts. 



1971 1972 1973 



$0.07 $0.27 $0.25 



Department of Transportation.— The Federal 

 Highway Administration is conducting an ecological 

 research program involving 17 studies to determine 

 vegetation management practices and materials that 

 will produce a more viable roadside ecology in order to 

 preserve highway banks, prevent erosion, and present 

 a more aesthetic appearance. 



1971 1972 1973 



$0 $0.31 $0.33 



Environmental Protection Agency.— Research in 

 this area explores and develops strategies and 

 mechanisms for local and regional use in 

 environmental management. The holistic approach 

 taken toward the study of these systems ensures that 

 the total effects of environmental policy are considered. 

 Ecosystem research is directed toward understanding 

 the relationships between environmental problems and 

 the totality of society, including its environmental, 

 social, economic, and institutional systems, and the 

 means by which environmental policy and technology 



53 



