Specific studies of the effects of nitrogen oxides, sulfur 

 oxides, hydrocarbons, and other oxidants are 

 conducted on representative terrestrial ecosystems. 



Ecological research on effects of air pollution includes: 

 (1) determination of the effects of air pollutants on 

 biotic (crops, vegetation) and abiotic (soil, water, 

 natural and man-made materials) components of the 

 environment and (2) assessment of the effectiveness of 

 control measures through monitoring of selected 

 ecosystems. 



1971 1972 1973 



$1.34 $1.91 $1.96 



2. Thermal Additions 



National Science Foundation— Research efforts 

 have emphasized synthesis and predictive modeling of 

 thermal discharges into the atmosphere (e.g., from 

 power plant heat exchangers), and the local ecological 

 responses. 



1971 1972 1973 



$0.64 $0.19 $0.12 



b. Water Quality Effects 



1. Eutrophication 



Environmental Protection Agency— Eutrophica- 

 tion and remedial lake restoration research is 

 conducted to develop eutrophication controls and 

 restoration procedures for the lakes and ponds of North 

 America. Specific objectives include: (1) development of 

 an understanding of the eutrophication process with 

 emphasis on the role of plant nutrients in aquatic 

 systems, nutrient cycling between sediments and biota 

 and nutrient effects on plant growth; (2) development 

 and demonstration of technology to control and reverse 

 eutrophication processes; and (3) development of 

 methods for monitoring eutrophication conditions and 

 for predicting the impact of nutrient sources on the 

 eutrophication of natural waters. 



1971 1972 1973 



$2.80 $0.20 $0.20 



Department of the Interior— The Geological Survey 

 conducts studies to: (1) develop an understanding of the 

 eutrophication process with emphasis on the role of 

 plant nutrients in aquatic systems nutrient cycling 

 among water, sediments, and biota and nutrient effects 

 on plant growth; (2) develop technology to control and 



45 



