88 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 



43.— A CHINESE METHOD OF FISH-ClTIiTURE. 



By SMART, GOI.OSMITI1, AKD .^OHl^SOW. 



[Exti-act from The World Displayed ; or, A Curious Collection of Voyages and Trav- 

 els, selected and compiled from the Writers of all Nations : By Smart, Goldsmith, 

 and Johnson. First American Edition, Vol. VI, Philadelphia, 1796.] 



We canuot conclude our account of this species of animals and of 

 China in general, without mentioning a singular method by which all 

 kinds of fish are dispersed into diflterent provinces even before they have 

 life. About the mouth of May the Chinese draw mats across the great 

 river Yang-tse-Kiang in order to stop the spawuj which they know how 

 to distinguish at first sight, though the water is scarce altered by it ; 

 with this water mixed with spawn they fill many vessels, which they 

 sell to the merchants, who go thither at that season in great numbers 

 to buy it, and transport it into different provinces. This they sell by 

 measure to those who have fish-ponds belonging to their houses. In a 

 few days the young fry begin to appear in little shoals; but the differ- 

 eut kinds of fish cannot be soon distinguished. 



44.— SHAD IN OBEOON %VATEKS— A NEW SAI.1IION HATCHERV. 



By CHAS. I. Fir^lfiLY. 



[From a letter to Prof. S. F. Baird.] 



Last fall I caught a lot of shad, or what we took to be shad. They 

 were certainly of the herring family, and had what we call a saw under 

 the belly. I believe a lot of young shad were released in Upper Rouge 

 River. This is the second year only that any of that species has ever 

 been seen here. 



Mr. R. D. Hume, who owns the cannery at this place, and for w^hom I 

 have been foreman the past four years, has built a hatchery for salmon. 

 He had one here before, but run it only one year. This he intends to 

 be permanent. I am running it and have so far, considering the cir- 

 cumstances, been very successful. I only had eight female spawners 

 and the corresponding males, for the hatcheries w^ere hardly ready. I 

 have so far lost a little over 4,000 eggs in four weeks, the principal cause 

 being from diffused light, which I have overcome by battening up the 

 creek. I have splendid water, a ditch 3 miles long, a big reservoir 20 

 bj^ 20 feet, Ginch iron pipes, and two big flitmes to feed through. Where 

 the screens are in the water it is splendidly clear. I will report further 

 progress. 



Ellensburg, Oreg., Decemher 14, 1883. 



