BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 115 



5^.— SUCCESS OF FISII-CUIiTURE. 



By MAX VOW DEI»I BOKNE. 



[Translated by Charles G. Atkins from tbo circular of the German Fishery Union.] 



It cannot be often enough repeated that not every kind of fish 

 thrives in every water, and that we can expect success in fish-culture 

 only when we put the right fish into the right water. If fish fry are to 

 be planted in lakes or rivers, such places should be chosen for the de- 

 posit of the fry as the fish themselves would select. Where failure is 

 complained of, it is commonly the case that a species of tish has been 

 planted in uncongenial waters, or it has been forgotten that the limited 

 amount of fish food afforded in the water can only sustain a correspond- 

 ingly limited weight of fish. 



When they undertake to stock the Havel at Potsdam with one or two 

 year old salmon, bought anywhere, fiiilure is to my mind certain. The 

 lake trout lives in lakes and resorts to rapid brooks to spawn on stony 

 ground; therefore I hold it to have been wrong to plant the fry of this 

 fish in lakes and carp ponds as soon as they had absorbed the yolk-sack. 

 The same is true of the brook trout introduced from North America, 

 whose fry were planted in lakes, while they naturally inhabit stony 

 brooks. Vain I consider the turning out of salmon fry at the mouths 

 of the streams, and the planting of young German char in brooks, for 

 the former is at home in brooks, the latter in lakes. The grayling is 

 not so widely distributed as the trout, and it is difficult to determine, in 

 case of a river not already inhabited by this fish, whether it is suitable 

 for grayling or not. In some instances the planting of grayling con- 

 tinued for several years has been unsuccessful; probably these waters 

 are not adapted to the species. 



Where, however, the appropriate conditions of existence are afforded 

 the fish, and there is no lack of sustenance, success is not wanting. 

 The transplanting of our brook trout to Australia, of our carp to Amer- 

 ica, of the California salmon and the brook char to Europe, are facts 

 that admit of no doubt. 



The successes of fish-culture are, of course, more readily observable 

 when small bodies of water, brooks or lakes, are stocked than in case 

 of large river systems; they are easier recognized in the culture of local 

 fishes than of the migratory kinds that run to the sea and spend most 

 of their lives there. 



SUCCESS OF SALMON AND SEA TROUT CULTURE. 



The Rhine. — Yon Winterstein reports from the Mosel district that the 

 increase of salmon in the Prims is yearly more evident. In the Saner 

 the yield is extraordinarily abundant, as well as at the junction of the 



