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Fishery Bulletin 104(3) 



reserve establishment. Despite the Apo Island fishery 

 being one of the best studied coral reef fisheries in the 

 world (Alcala and Luchavez, 1981; White and Savina, 

 1987; Bellwood, 1988; Maypa et al., 2002; Russ et al, 

 2004; Alcala et al., 2005), the present study is the first 

 to quantify detailed spatial variations in fishing effort, 

 catch, and CPUE at Apo Island. Furthermore, it is not 

 clear if spillover yield to the local fishery has reached 

 its full potential or not. Long-term fishery monitoring 

 is required to answer these questions. Although the 

 reserve probably provides limited direct benefits to 

 the local fishery through spillover, its indirect benefits 

 to the community at Apo Island are considerable. The 

 reserve became the foundation for a program of fishery 

 conservation for the whole island, which eliminated un- 

 sustainable fishing practices such as dynamite fishing 

 and muro-ami drive-net fishing. It played a critical role 

 in enhancing tourism activities on the island, which 

 had a tremendous positive effect on the standard of 

 living of the local community (Russ and Alcala, 1999; 

 White et al., 2002). These indirect effects of reserve 

 establishment are arguably as important as the direct 

 benefits of reserves to developing areas of the world. It 

 remains to be seen whether successful reserves such 

 as Apo Reserve have broader-scale direct benefits to 

 fisheries through net larval export. 



Acknowledgments 



This project was funded by a Pew Fellowship in Marine 

 Conservation and an Australian Research Council Grant 

 (DP0209086) to G. R. Russ and A. C. Alcala. Travel 

 to the Philippines for R. A. Abesamis was funded by 

 the Australian Agency for International Development 

 (AusAID). We thank Analie Candido, Mary Aldeon, 

 Francia Candido, and Olivia Alaton for invaluable assis- 

 tance in the collection of data. The Apo Island Protected 

 Area Management Board, Aileen Maypa, Hilconida 

 Calumpong, and staff at SUAKCREM are acknowledged 

 for logistical assistance. 



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