On the Canadian Pacific coast, the 

 Canadian Government allows Polish 

 fishermen to purchase directly from Canadian 

 fishermen at sea. These "klondyking" 

 operations have been reduced somewhat from 

 previous years, but still yielded the Poles 

 41,696 t of Pacific hake in 1992.*' 



Chile: Chile has not permitted Polish vessels 

 to fish within its 200-mile zone in recent 

 years. Polish fishermen have conducted mid- 

 water trawls for jack mackerel and other 

 species outside the Chilean 200-mile zone in 



1,000 Metric tons 



100 

 80 

 60 

 40 

 20 



^/7^:z:zyf5 



did not fish extensively off the Falklands 

 because Argentine naval patrols would seize 

 foreign fishing vessels operating off the 

 Falkland Islands, which Argentina claimed as 

 its territory. The Polish catch from 1979-81 

 thus never exceeded 100,000 tons. This 

 situation changed dramatically in 1982 for 

 two reasons. Firstly, Poland redeployed 

 vessels to the southwestern Atlantic after the 

 United States reduced to zero its catch 

 allocations in the northeastern Pacific 

 following the proclamation of martial law by 

 the Polish Communist Government.''* 

 Secondly, the 1982 Falklands 

 conflict created an opportunity for 

 Polish fishermen because it 

 prevented Argentina from 

 conducting enforcement patrols, 

 while the British requested only a 

 "voluntary curtailment" of the 

 foreign fishing effort.*^ Taking 

 advantage of these circumstances, 

 Poland quickly escalated fishing 

 operations off the Falklands, and 

 the catch totaled nearly 350,000 t 

 in 1983. 



yy/'^yziz 



y 





Figure 6. Poland. Fisheries catch in the southeast Pacific, 

 1985-92. 



the southeastern Pacific (FAO statistical area 

 87); the Polish catch totaled over 80,000 t in 

 1984. This, however, was the last year that 

 the Poles operated in this region (figure 6).*'^ 



Falkland Islands: Poland initiated a major 

 fishery in the southwestern Atlantic in 1979, 

 although small landings were harvested as 

 early as 1976. Most of this effort was 

 concentrated outside the Argentine 200-mile 

 zone. At the time, Polish fishermen probably 



Polish catches declined during 

 the next few years, especially after 

 the British declared the 150-mile 

 1975-80, Falkland Islands Interim 

 Conservation and Management 

 Zone (FICZ) in October 1986. and 

 introduced the licensing of foreign fishing. 

 The Poles, unlike the Soviets and other 

 communist countries operating in the 

 southwestern Atlantic (Bulgaria, Cuba and 

 former East Germany), applied for licenses to 

 the Falkland Islands Government (appendix 

 14). ^'^ Polish fishermen continued to catch 

 over 100,000 t annually during 1987-88, but 

 reported that catches declined to about 70,000 

 t in 1989 and continued to decrease during the 

 next 3 years (appendix 13 and figure 4). 



225 



