16 



STUIVER 



50 51 52 53 54 



TOTAL C0 2 , cm3/kg 



55 



56 



Fig. 5 Total C0 2 profiles in the Pacific at 31°S as given by Weiss and 

 Craig 27 and at to 30°N as given by Li, Takahashi, and Broecker .' s 



The thermocline layer normally shows a much more complicated picture 

 owing to subsurface currents with advective cores and cannot be treated in a 

 simple theoretical manner. 



The bottom-water layer contains the more or less horizontal flow of renewal 

 water from the polar regions and is assumed to form a uniform layer below 4 km 

 depth. 



The function f, and consequently the mixing parameter K/w, can be 

 determined from both temperature and salinity profiles. An average value of 

 1 km is representative for this parameter in the deeper Pacific. The positive value 

 of K/w implies upward advection needed to balance downward heat diffusion 

 from the surface and to account for bottom water formed by sinking at polar 

 latitudes. 



Equation 1 also can be applied to the total C0 2 profile in the Pacific 

 (Fig. 5). The dashed line in Fig. 5 represents Craig's best possible fit of the 

 solution of Eq. 1 to the available data (B =£ 0, X = 0). The values of B/w for the 

 best possible fit are 0.60 (cm 3 /kg)/km for the 31°S data, and 0.85 (cm 3 /kg)/km 

 for the to 30°N data. 



