ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDE AND RADIOCARBON: II 



121 



P m = CO2 partial pressure in ocean surface layer 

 P m o = value of P m before the industrial era 



7 = production rate of carbon in the atmosphere from industrial 

 sources 



Fg = Fg = gravitational flux of inactive carbon from ocean surface 

 layer to deep sea (assumed to be time invariant) 



W m , Wj = volumes of ocean surface layer and deep ocean (assumed to be 

 time invariant) 



(All preindustrial quantities are assumed to be time invariant.) 



Radiocarbon System 



The governing equations A. 2 to A. 7 are replaced with six equations of the 

 form 



d*Nj 

 dt 



+ *A*Ni = L(*Fji - *Fij) + *n 



(A.9) 



J*> 



where the sum is over all adjacent reservoirs, *A is the radiocarbon decay 

 constant, *N; refers to the mass of radiocarbon in reservoir i, *Fj; refers to the 

 flux of radiocarbon from reservoir i to j, and *Tj is the ' C production rate in 

 each reservoir. *Tj = except for the upper atmosphere, where a modulation, 

 *7, correlated with sunspots is added to a steady-state term *r o (see 

 Appendixes B and C) to yield a total production rate 



t u = *r + *t 



(A. 10) 



For certain specified calculations we assume *7 = 0. 

 Specific fluxes are: 



*F u , = R u k u ,N u 



*F lu = R,k ul ^ N, 



Nio 



* F lb = <*ab R l F lb 

 *F b i = OibaRbFbl 

 *F le = a ab RiF le 

 *F e l =abaReFel 



(Eq. A.ll 

 continued 

 on next page) 



