INDEX 



391 



in freshwater, 186 

 in oceans, 35 

 Northern Hemisphere, cooling of, 28 

 Nuclear energy benefits, 276 

 Nutrients 

 availability of 

 in forests, 290-291 

 in oceans, 288, 290-291 

 recycling in lakes, 183-184 



Oak Ridge forest, 346, 361 

 Oceans 

 alkalinity of, 38-39 

 carbon chemistry of, 38 

 circulation, 15, 33 

 mixing, 9 



organic aggregates in, 211 

 productivity of, 205 

 surface layer of, 372 

 Organic carbon 

 See also Dissolved organic carbon and 



Particulate organic carbon 

 in freshwater 

 budget for, 256-259 

 detrital, 245-246 

 sources of, 245 

 in plants, energy equivalents, 284 

 rates of production for, 378 

 residence times for, 379 

 Organic matter 

 See also Organic carbon, Dissolved or- 

 ganic matter, Particulate organic 

 matter 

 in oceans 

 fractionation of, 208-209 

 nonliving fraction of, 204-205, 210- 

 211 

 role in foodweb, 209-210 

 source of, 209 



Pacific Ocean 

 CaC0 3 in, 11, 17 

 13 C in, 46-47 

 14 Cin, 11, 13, 17 

 COin, 138 

 C0 2 in, 14, 16 

 Particulate organic carbon 

 in freshwater, 245 



benthic metabolism of, 255 



net production of, 256 



turnover time of, 253 

 in oceans, distribution, 206 



Particulate organic matter (POM) 



in bathypelagic zone, 213-214 



in an estuary, 231 



in oceans 

 distribution of, 205-206 

 nonliving components of, 206-207, 



210, 214, 217 

 sedimentation rate, 214 

 Peat, accumulation in an estuary, 233-234 

 pH 



of precipitation, 181 



of rivers and lakes in Sweden, 171 

 Phosphorus 



in freshwater, 188 



in oceans, 35-36 

 Photochemical smog, 1 37 

 Photosynthesis 



response to C0 2 enrichment, 26-27, 85, 

 375-376 



of the sea, 4 



of yellow poplar, 354 

 Photosynthetic efficiency, world net, 284 

 Phytoplankton production in estuaries, 



230-231 

 Population, optimal, 267 

 Population growth 



in United States, 269 

 of the world, 267, 270, 278 

 Precipitation scavenging, 162, 164, 167 

 Production 



See also Productivity 



animal, 292-293 



estuarine, 221, 225-226, 236 



forest, 360-362 



land, 287 



marine, 287 

 Productivity 



disparity of land and sea estimates, 

 287-289 



of ecosystem types, 281-283 



correlations of, terrestrial, 284-286 



of oceans, 205 



world, 281, 287,291 

 effects of man, 295-297 



Radiocarbon (see Carbon-14) 

 "Rain of detritus," 210-211 

 Recommendation for research, 380-381 

 Residence time in the ocean, defined, 40 

 Resources 



mineral, 272-274, 277 



nonrenewable, 270 



