FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL. 83, NO. :i 



bits of diatoms have been found in guts of Pandalus 

 larvae from European waters (Lebour 1922). 



Some species of pandalid larvae are sustained by 

 their internal yolk for several days after hatching 

 without feeding; others must feed immediately after 

 hatching or die. Pandalus platyceros larvae can live 

 11-13 d on stored yolk with no food (Price and Chew 

 1972); however, when food is offered, they feed 

 immediately after hatching. In Price and Chew's 

 (1972) study, the starved larvae ate their dead rela- 

 tives, but did not actively prey on them. Larvae of P. 

 jordani, however, if not fed soon after hatching, 

 starve and die regardless of later increases in prey 

 concentrations (Modin and Cox 1967). In another 

 study, 40% of Stage I zoeae of P. borealis without 

 prey died in 5 d, and 100% died in 13 d (Paul et al. 

 1979). 



The relationship between food and survival in cap- 

 tivity has been determined for some North Pacific 

 Ocean larvae; however, little is known about this 

 relationship in nature. For instance, year-class 

 strength may be influenced or even largely deter- 

 mined by the quality and quantity of food available 

 during the larval period. Unfortunately, there is vir- 

 tually no information on the t\T3es and quantities of 

 food needed for survival of shrimp larvae in nature. 

 Until this information is available, the relation be- 

 tween food and survival of shrimp larvae at sea will 

 remain unknown. 



ACKNOWLEDGMENTS 



Donald I. Williamson of the University of Liver- 

 pool, England, and T. H. Butler of the Pacific 

 Biological Station, Nanaimo, British Columbia, read 

 an earlier version of this paper and offered valuable 

 suggestions for improvement. 



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