in Rulifson et al. 1982; Frankensteen 1976), my find- 

 ing of a regular occurrence of significant volunnes 

 of food in blueback stomachs is unprecedented. Fur- 

 ther research is needed to determine the extent to 

 which feeding in freshwater is common among 

 spawning bluebacks in other river systems, and 

 possibly other anadromous species, and to determine 

 if a relationship exists between freshwater feeding 

 and spawning energetics. 



Acknowledgments 



I am grateful to Seth Reice and Edward Kuenzler 

 for providing assistance, materials, and workspace 

 for this study. I also wish to thank Jerry Diamond, 

 Seth Reice, William Leggett, Angela Arthington, 

 Rob Edwards, Brad Foster, and three anonymous 

 reviewers for their careful readings of the manu- 

 script. Assistance from Mr. and Mrs. Williams and 

 the staff of Williams' Fishery, Sara Winslow, Bar- 

 rel Johnson, and Michael Street of the North 

 Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries, David Ham- 

 mer, Chris Nations, Ernie Patterson, and Diana 

 Hyland, as well as thought-provoking discussions 

 with many other people, is greatly appreciated. 



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Robert P. Creed, Jr. 



Department of Biology 

 University of North Carolina 

 Chapel Hill, NC 275U 

 Present address: 

 Department of Zoology 

 Michigan State University 

 East Lansing, MI Jt882jlt 



716 



