FISHERY BULLETIN: VOL 77. NO :i 



latum LeSueur 1822:132-133^)— Valenciennes 

 1846:477-479 (description: "en le retirant de 

 restomac d'un coryph'ene iConphaena eqtiise- 

 tis) . . . venait de pecher a vingt-cinq lieues [ca. 

 2.76 mil au nord de Sainte-Helene |St. Helena 

 Isle, about 16° S in mid-Atlantic Ocean i; nous 

 avons un second exemplaire de la meme espece 

 ... fit a risle-de-France (Mauritius Island, In- 

 dian Ocean] ou pendant sa traversee de retour" 

 [to France]. 



Scombresox saurus (misidentification). — Giinther 

 1866:257-258 ("Atlantic, 3' N of the line"; St. 

 Helena; probably also 20° N, 22°53 ' N and other 

 series); 1889:34 (". . . fry and young . . .belong to 

 most common forms of pelagic life . . . from the 

 Atlantic . . . .").^ Sauvage 1891:526 (listed from 

 near Madagascar, between 3° and 26° S, 42° and 

 65° E; presumed from locality). Murray and 

 Hjort 1912:89, 90, 94, 607, 613 (14 stations 

 listed), 633, 635, 644, 670, 741, 747-748, figs. 

 541-542, all in part or questionable, listed both 

 as "Scombresox" and as "Scombresox saurus," 

 from open Atlantic in area between Iceland, 

 Morocco, and Newfoundland; size to 50 cm. Bar- 

 nard 1925:259, fig. 16b (St. Helena record only). 

 Cadenat 1950:298 (presumed from locality off 

 lies du Cap Vert). 



Scomberesox saurus (misidentification). — Liitken 

 1880:564-569, 1 fig., repeated by Murray and 

 Hjort, see above ( in part: in Atlantic Ocean from 

 11°30' to 48° N, 9° to 40° W, and from 12° to 

 40 32  S, 52 W to 16 30' E; in Indian Ocean from 

 27° to 38°20' S, and from 24°30' to 10r40' E; 

 measurements and counts presumably also in 

 part). Regan 1916:142 (postlai-vae from south of 

 Azores, at 29°10' N, 33 36' W, identification 

 dubious). Bigelow and Welsh 1925:166, fig. 71 

 (range, 11°-12° to40° N in Atlantic (presumably 

 in part), figure repeated from Murray and Hjort, 

 see above). Hildebrand and Schroeder 

 1928:151-152 (range, in part, and description of 

 young, from Bigelow and Welsh 1925). Sivert- 

 sen 1945:6 (in part, St. Helena record only). 

 Bigelow and Schroeder 1953:170-171, fig. 83 (in 

 part, doubtful, description; young — 100 to 150 



^LeSeuer's type-specimen was "small." with upper beak about 

 half of other; it was " . . found in the stomach of a fresh codfish 

 which had been brought to Boston from the Bank of Newfound- 

 land." therefore in the appropriate range oi Scomberesox sauru:^ 

 and far north of the range o( Nantchthys simulans. 



^At least in part; one of three specimens involved, but not 

 mentioned, from Tenerife (one of the Canary Islands) has been 

 identified for us as N. simulans by G. Palmer of the British 

 Museum i Natural History), using characters outlined by us. 



mm "hemiramphus stage," most numerous in 

 open Atlantic between 11° or 12° and 40° N). 

 Smith 1955:308 (presumptive, listed from Al- 

 dabra Island). Fowler 1956:141-142 (reference 

 to Borodin's 1930 dubious (unverified) Red Sea 

 record; South Africa, description taken from 

 New England and New York material of S. 

 saurus and not "Indo-Pacific" entry). Briggs 

 1958:264 (presumptive, in part, western Atlan- 

 tic from Newfoundland and Bermuda to Argen- 

 tina, 35° to 30° S). Rodriguez-Roda 1960:115 

 (presumed from locality; southern Spain, Strait 

 of Gibralter). Hotta 1964:4-5 i in part, presump- 

 tive, distribution). Leim and Scott 1966:168 (in 

 part, presumptive, in western Atlantic south to 

 West Indies; fry abundant between 11° and 40° 

 N;jaws do not reach full length until fish are 4 to 

 6 in long). Sauskan and Semenov 1969:250-252, 

 fig. 157 (two populations inferred in North At- 

 lantic, 32° to 36° N, 50° to 70° W, and near 

 Azores; feeding migration) (in part, presumed 

 from locality). Zilanov and Bogdanov 1969, fig. 

 158 (size groups, migrations, northeast Atlan- 

 tic, 30° to 60° N, 8° to 40° W) (in part, presumed 

 from locality). Hartmann 1970 (2.0 mm eggs in 

 68 mm scomberesocids from northeastern At- 

 lantic can refer to only N. simulans). 

 Scomberesox sp. — Parin 1968b, fig. 31 (plank- 

 tonic, records mapped in tropical eastern Atlan- 

 tic and north of Madagascar, Indian Ocean); 

 1968a, fig. 1 (undescribed species under study by 

 Hubbs and Wisner). Parin and Andriashev 1972 

 (dwarf Atlantic species, along 26 W between 

 24° and 30° S, and in western cruise track off 

 South America in area of 32° S, temperature 

 20.4° to 22.4° C). Parin 1973 (reference to Parin 

 1968a; to be described by Hubbs and Wisner; 

 abundant, epipelagic, Atlantic off Madeira, 

 Canaries, Morocco, Portugal, to 40° N). 

 Ueyanagi et al. 1972, fig. 1, 2 (sizes graphed, 

 distribution in Atlantic mapped). Suda 1973, 

 fig. 7 (life history presumably similar to that of 

 Cololabis adocetus: not suitable for commercial 

 fishery). Dudnik 1975b, fig. (general discussion; 

 comparison with S. saurus in range and charac- 

 ters; one ovary developed, second rudimentary; 

 ova sizes; spawning prolonged). Wisner 1977, 

 fig. (description, key; compared with S. saurus, 

 Belonidae, and Hemiramphidae; distribution in 

 northwestern central Atlantic). Hardy 1978, fig. 

 29-34 (in part. North Atlantic; "Scomberesox 

 sp." in reference to Hartmann, 1970, .statement 

 of 2.0 mm eggs in females 68 mm and over). 



532 



