PEREZ FARFANTE: REVISION OF PENAEID SHRIMP GENUS PENAEOPSIS 



matophore of one species of a genus and its absence 

 in others is not unique in Penaeopsis; for in the 

 family Penaeidae a similar phenomenon occurs 

 even within the species of a subgenus. In the genus 

 Penaeus, for instance, of the eight species of the 

 American sxihgexwisFarfantepenaeus Burukovsky 

 1972, only one, Penaeus (F.) brevirostris Kingsley 

 1878, exhibits a large, fleshy structure attached to 

 the sperm sac which in impregnated females en- 

 tirely covers the plate of sternite XIV, much like 

 the comparable accessory element of the sper- 

 matophores of P. rectacuta and P. eduardoi. The 

 spermatophores of the remaining seven species of 

 Farfantepenaeus lack such a membranous struc- 

 ture. 



Color. — This is one of the most beautifully colored 

 shrimp I have seen. The following description is 

 based on observations of a large number of freshly 

 collected specimens obtained during the 1969 

 cruise of the Oregon 11 in the Caribbean (from 

 Puerto Rico to Antigua). 



Body varying from translucent light pink 

 (sometimes with salmon hue) to deep reddish pink, 

 interrupted by an iridescent violet to purple subel- 

 liptical patch on gastric region and various other 

 white, deep red, violet or purple markings (lines, 

 bands, patches, dots) on other areas. In many indi- 

 viduals, rostrum with numerous red chromato- 

 phores and red tip. Carapace bearing small patch 

 of red chromatophores at base of antennal spine; 

 anterior cardiac region with narrow, deep violet 

 arc or transverse band running ventrally and fol- 

 lowed by median, reddish purple subrectangular 

 area. Some coloration continuing laterally in 

 short posterior band, then broadening abruptly on 

 branchiostegites, extending ventrally to margin of 

 carapace and anteriorly to hepatic sulcus; subrec- 

 tangular area flanked by white band running an- 

 teriorly to hepatic region; posterior portion of 

 carapace white. In other individuals entire bran- 

 chiostegites of highly iridescent, deep reddish 

 pink or reddish purple. Abdominal somites with 

 transverse reddish to purple band along posterior 

 margin of terga; band often divided by narrow 

 white stripe extending along dorsal midline; an- 

 terodorsal extremities of pleura bearing brilliant 

 red or purple spot forming striking paired rows; 

 pleura of first five somites marked by reddish to 

 purple marginal line; bearing larger median spot 

 and, occasionally, narrow angular stripe extend- 

 ing from anterodorsal spot on pleuron to median 

 spot of same color as line; sixth somite bordered 



only posteriorly by line of same color as that on 

 margin of pleura of preceding somites. Telson with 

 paired ribs and lateral margins reddish to purple, 

 sometimes also fixed spines and line joining their 

 bases similarly colored. Ocular peduncle white 

 with red stripe along margin of cornea; basal arti- 

 cle bearing large, brilliant red or deep purple cir- 

 cle. Antennular peduncle highly iridescent pink 

 proximally becoming increasingly reddish dis- 

 tally; distal and sometimes lateral margins of ar- 

 ticles red or purple; flagella pink or reddish, fading 

 distally; frequently ventral flagellum white and 

 dorsal reddish. Antennal flagella pink. Pereopods 

 of lighter shade than body, but lateral surfaces 

 usually darker and strongly iridescent. Bases of 

 pleopods white, light pink, or violet with pos- 

 terolateral surfaces iridescent with deep pink or 

 violet hues; endopods and exopods translucent, 

 and bearing reddish or purplish spot proximally. 

 Uropods with lateral portion of protopod of darker 

 shade than mesial; rami usually of same or lighter 

 color than body but deeper proximally. 



Maximum lengths. — Males 120 mm tl; female 150 

 mm tl (Maurin 1952). Largest specimens 

 examined by me: males 24 mm cl, 112 mm tl; 

 females 34.5 mm cl, 135 mm tl. 



Geographic and bathymetric ranges (Figure 

 37). — Western Atlantic: from east of Barnegat, 

 N.J., south of Martha's Vineyard, Mass. (lat. 

 40'00' N, long. 70'47' W, coordinates from Haed- 

 rich et al. 1975, Gosnold cruise 197, stn 111), 

 through the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean 

 south to French Guiana (lat. 7°11' N, long. 52°58' 

 W). Also found at a disjunct locality, off Rio 

 GrandedoSul(lat.32°45'24"S,long.50°24'00"W). 

 The record from off Barnegat, which represents 

 the most northerly point at which this shrimp has 

 been found, and that off Rio Grande do Sul, mark- 

 ing the southernmost record of the occurrence of 

 the species, were both reported by Perez Farfante 

 and Ivanov (1979). 



Eastern Atlantic: from south of Cabo San Vi- 

 cente, Portugal, to off Cadiz, Spain (Maurin 1961, 

 1965) and off the northwest coast of Africa to 

 Tamzak("Tamxat")(lat. 17=26' N, long. 16''03'W), 

 Mauritania (Maurin 1968b). 



In the western Atlantic, Pe/iaeopsts serrata fre- 

 quents depths between 183 and about 750 m (re- 

 cords of its presence in shallower water are almost 

 certainly erroneous), with maximum concentra- 

 tions occurring from 300 to 450 m. In the eastern 



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