402 



FISHERY BULLETIN OF THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE 



Known from the waters around Florida and Bar- deposits in the sole are larger knobbed buttons, 



bados. From about 100 fathoms (103-137). often with a secondary reticulum. Type: Mu: 



[3 Psolus complicatus Deichmznn ^eum of Comparative Zoology. Type locality- 



„ , ,, ™, , , ,Do,. n / »• ^ Off Barbados, 137 fathoms. The species is known 



Psoitis operculatus Theel, 188ba, p. 9 (partim). . ^ 



Psolus complicahts Deichmann, 19.30, p. 185, pi. 19, from the type locality only, taken m the same 

 figs. 6-9. haul as material of operculatus. One almost ex- 

 Diagnosis.— Resembles P. operculatus but has pects that a larger series will prove that the two 

 in addition to grains on the dorsum, deep baskets; species must be merged.] 



Family 3 PHYLLOPHORIDAE 



KEY TO THE GENERA KNOWN FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO 



1. Deep water forms (100-200 fathoms or more). Skin paper-thin, stiff from numerous four-pillared tables 

 6. Benihophyllophorus 'now. nom., p. 405 



1 . Shallow water forms ; tide pools to few fathoms depth 2 



2. Spicules perforated, knobbed plates 5. Phyllophorus Grube,' p. 405 



2. Spicules tables 3 



3. Tables with distinctly dentate margin and low, two-pillared spire 1. Trachylhyonidium nov. nom., p. 405 



3. Tables with smooth margin or slightly uneven, at utmost blunt dentate 4 



4. Tables with four large holes, alternating with four small ones 3. Neophyltophorus nom. nov., p. 404 



4. Tables with 8 to 10 or more holes, in a circle or oval 5 



5. Disk oval with smooth margin 2. Paraphyllophorus nov. nom., p. 402 



5. Disk circular with uneven edge, sometimes blunt dentate 4. Lipolrapeza H. L. Clark, p. 404 



Genus 1 TRACHYTHYONIDIUM nov. nom. species has been taken at Tortugas where it 



New name for Thyonidium occidentale Ludwig.^ ^f^^f i^,=^ feet of water in eelgrass patches. A 



closely related species is known from the Panamic 

 Trachythyonidium occidentale (Ludwig) region (Deichmann, 1941). 



FIG. 68: 1-5 



„, ... J , , T J 10-7C ,,n Genus 2 PARAPHYLLOPHORUS nov. nom. 



Thyonidium occidentale Ludwig, 1875, p. 119. 



Phyllophorus occidentale Deichmann, 1930, p. 148, pi. -, e m,  t t i • i 



18 figs 1-2 ^^^ name for Inyonidium parvum Liudwig and 



Eulhyonidium occidentalis Deichmann, 1938, p. 380; related forms. 



'I'l ' J- ,-, , Qi t loin o.n i i c 17 Paraphyllophorus parvus (l.udwi^) 



1 hyonidium conslituta bluiter, 1910, p. 340, text fig. E; i- j' i' j' ^ »/ 



Deichmann, 1926, p. 124. ^'° •*■ ^^"'^ 



Thyonidium parvum Ludwig, 1881, p. 54, pi. 3, figs. 



Diagnosis.— \Jp to 10 cm. long, with five pairs le-iS; Deichmann, 1930, p. 149; 1938, p. 133, pi. 1, figs. 



of large and five pairs of small tentacles. Color 19-21; H. L. Clark, 1933, p. 113. 



dark brown to vellow. Calcareous ring short ,-,. • tt ^ r ^ -, i • ^j 



^ , , ■,,'■,,•, , , Diagnosis. — Up to 5 to 7 cm. long m preserved 



tubular, with short tails which may become almost ,■'■ rr. . i or. f  ti,„ 



, ' , ,0-1 11 • , , condition. Tentacles 20, of uneven size; the 



completely reduced. Spicules tables with dentate ^ . , ^ n . i r^ \  k^^ 



•^ ^, ,. , , .  , , , , two circles not well separated. Color in lite 



margin on the disk and lour to eight holes, and , .,,. , . -^i  r u ^ „* „i„ . ;„ 



.,, , .  , , • . bruhant red with red or purplish tentacles; m 



two-pulared spire with tew spines, sometimes i , i i, • i i -^ c • i t^ui^ 



,j^,', , , J; Ti-ii- alcohol yellowish white. Spicules numerous tables 



reduced to four basal teeth. Type: Possibly in .^, , ^ , ,. , i o * m ,^o,.„;..„i 



^ „ 1 ,■ o • T^- -i with oval to circular disk and 8 to 10 marginal 



uermany. type locality: Surinam. Distribu- , , , . ..i ^ . j -u . ]„„ ;^ 



„-^ Ti^o Ti -lo- rr.- holes and spire with two to four pillars ending in 



tion: trom rorto Seguro, Brazil, Surinam, inn- , ^ ^i r  rr c ;ki„ ;„ 



.,,.,. . ., ' , T^, • , r„, a cluster or wreath of spines. Type: Possibly in 



idad, Antigua to the waters around l^lorida. ihe „ t, i r. /~i ^ j- u :i r»;^ 



^ Germany. Type locality: Coast of Brazil. Uis- 



' The key here refers only to the West Indian representative. The type tribution: According tO Ludwig it is not uncom- 



species, P. UTM Grube, from the Mediterranean Sea, and related forms, have ,^f>jj along the COastS of Brazil in shalloW watCT. 



tables which disappear early in life. Possible the young of the West Indian til j i* A" 13 VU 



species may have tables (or it may prove to be erroneously referred to the It liaS been reported OUCe trOm Antlgua, Britisn 



West Indian fauna). -y^gs^ injips and recently from Biscayne Bay, 



2 The name Euthyonidium Deichmann, 1938, has been withdrawn asa y'l'j* a Al*k V.  t 



complete synonym of Pc7!(adad!/;a Button, which has been reinstated. J^lorida, lU grasSV flats. AlthOUgn UOt yet rC- 



