GULF OF MEXICO 



459 



In this section of the Gulf, because of the east- 

 west direction of the coast line, there is no ap- 

 preciable coastwise gradient in temperature. 

 There is, nevertheless, a slight offshore gradient 

 and apparently the shrimp take advantage of 

 this gradient. 



Along the western side of the Gulf there is a 

 southward temperature gradient dm-ing the winter, 

 and it is probable that there is a southward move- 

 ment of shrimp from central and southern Texas 

 into Mexico during this season. 



The mortality rate is high and although some 

 undoubtedly survive into their second year, for 

 all practical purposes the shi-imp can be con- 

 sidered an annual. 



In order to manage the shrimp supply properly 

 we must have considerably more knowledge than 

 we have at present. We must know more about 

 the relationship between the abundance of shrimp 

 and their food supply; the effect of thinning or 

 not thinning the population on the nursery 

 grounds; the natural and fishing mortality rates, 

 and the possible competitive action between the 

 white and the grooved shrimps. In addition to 

 these, there is a considerable gap in our knowledge 

 between the time the eggs are laid until the shrimp 

 appear on the nm'sery grounds. Oin- present 

 information on this phase of the life history of the 

 shrimp is indeed sketchy. What, for example, 

 causes the apparent peaks in spawning success 

 and what is their significance with respect to the 

 management of this resource? The story of the 

 shrimp is by no means a closed book. Our in- 

 formation has now arrived at the stage where 

 approaches can be made to many importaut 

 practical problems affecting the relationship 

 between man, the environment, and the shrimp. 



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and Lindner, M. J. 



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Broad, Carter. 



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BURKENROAD, M. D. 



1934a. The Penaeidae of Louisiana, with a discussion of 

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