120 



Fishery Bulletin 92|1), 1994 



Okera, W. 



1974. Morphometries, 'condition' and gonad devel- 

 opment of the east African Sardinella gibbosa and 

 Sardinella albella. J. Fish Biol. 6:801-812. 



1982. Observations on the maturation condition of 

 some pelagic fishes from northern Australian 

 waters. CSIRO Marine Lab. Rep. 144:1-15. 

 Parker, K. 



1980. A direct method for estimating northern an- 

 chovy, Engraulis mordax biomass. Fish. Bull. 

 78:541-544. 



1985. Biomass model for the egg production 

 method. In R. Lasker (ed.), An egg production 

 method for estimating spawning biomass of pelagic 

 fish: application to the northern anchovy, 

 Engraulis mordax, p. 5-6. NOAA Technical Re- 

 port NMFS 36. 



Parrish, R. H., D. L. Mallicoate, and R. A. 

 Klingbeil. 



1986. Age dependent fecundity, number of 

 spawnings per year, sex ratio, and maturation 

 stages in northern anchovy, Engraulis 

 mordax. Fish. Bull. 84:503-517. 



Pauly, D., and M. L. Palomares. 



1989. New estimates of monthly biomass, recruit- 

 ment and related statistics of anchoveta 

 (Engraulis ringens) of Peru (4-14RS), 1953- 

 1985. In D. Pauly, P. Muck, J. Mendo, and I. 

 Tsukayama (eds.), The Peruvian upwelling ecosys- 

 tem: dynamics and interactions, p. 189- 

 206. IMARPE and GTZ and ICLARM, Peru. 



Peterman, R. M., and M. J. Bradford. 



1987. Wind speed and mortality rate of a marine 

 fish, the northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax. 

 Science 235:354-356. 



Rajasilta, M. 



1992. Relationship between food, fat, sexual matu- 

 ration, and spawning time of Baltic herring 

 (Clupea harengus membras) in the Archipelago 

 Sea. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 49:644-654. 

 Rawlinson, N. J. F., D. A. Milton, and S. J. M. 

 Blaber. 



1992. Tuna baitfish and the pole-and-line industry in 

 Kiribati. ACIAR Technical Report No. 24, 90 p. 

 Re, P., A. Farinha, and I. Meneses. 



1988. Diel spawning time of sardine, Sardina 

 pilchardus (Teleostei, Clupeidae), off Port- 

 ugal. Inv. Pesq. 52:207-213. 



Ricker, W. E. 



1954. Stock and recruitment. J. Fish. Res. Board 

 Can. 11:559-623. 

 Roff, D. A. 



1984. The evolution of life history parameters in 

 teleosts. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 41:989-1000. 

 Rosa, H., and T. Laevastu. 



1960. Comparison of biological and ecological char- 

 acteristics of sardines and related species — a pre- 

 liminary study. In H. Rosa and G. Murphy (edsj, 

 Proceedings of the world scientific meeting on the 



biology of sardines and related species, Vol. 2, p. 

 521-552. FAO, Rome. 

 Shelton, P. A. 



1987. Life-history traits displayed by neritic fish in 

 the Benguela current ecosystem. In A. I. L. 

 Payne, J. A. Gulland, and K. H. Brinks (eds.), The 

 Benguela and comparable ecosystems. S. Afr. J. 

 Mar. Sci. 5:235-242. 



Sibly, R., and P. Calow. 



1983. An integrated approach to life-cycle evolution 

 using selective landscapes. J. Theor. Biol. 

 102:527-536. 



Smith, P. E. 



1985. Year-class strength and survival of 0-group 

 clupeoids. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 42 (Suppl. 

 l):69-82. 

 Smith, R. L., A. J. Paul, and J. M. Paul. 



1990. Seasonal changes in energy and the energy 

 cost of spawning in Gulf of Alaska Pacific cod. J. 

 Fish Biol. 36:307-316. 

 Sokal, R. R., and F. J. Rohlf. 



1981. Biometry, 2nd ed. Freeman and Co., New 

 York, NY, 859 p. 

 Somerton, D. A. 



1990. Baitfish stock assessment using the egg pro- 

 duction method: an application on the Hawaiian 

 anchovy or nehu (Encrasicholina purpurea). In S. 

 J. M. Blaber and J. W. Copland (eds.). Tuna 

 baitfish in the Indo-Pacific region, p. 152- 

 158. ACIAR Proc. 30. 

 Stearns, S. C, and R. E. Crandall. 



1984. Plasticity for age and size at sexual maturity: 

 a lifehistory response to unavoidable stress. In (I. 

 W. Potts and R. J. Wootton (eds.), Fish reproduc- 

 tion: strategies and tactics, p. 13-33. Academic 

 Press, London. 



Tiroba, G., N. J. F. Rawlinson, P. V. Nichols, and 

 J. L. Leqata. 



1990. Length-frequency analysis of the major 

 baitfish species in Solomon Islands. In S. J. M. 

 Blaber and J. W. Copland (eds.). Tuna baitfish in the 

 Indo-Pacific region, p. 114-134. ACIAR Proc. 30. 

 Torres- Villegas, J. R., and L. Perezgomez. 



1988. Fecundity variation of Opisthonema libertate 

 (Pisces: Clupeidae) from 1983 to 1985 in Bahia 

 Magdalena, Baja California, sur Mexico. Inv. 

 Pesq. 52:193-206. 



Townshend, T. J., and R. J. Wootton. 



1984. Effects of food supply on the reproduction of 

 the convict cichlid, Cichlasoma nigrofasciatum. 

 J. Fish Biol. 24:91-104. 

 Walpole, R. E. 



1974. Introduction to statistics, 2nd 

 ed. MacMillan Publ., New York, NY, 340 p. 

 Ware, D. M. 



1980. Bioenergetics of stock and recruitment. 

 Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:1012-1024. 

 Williams, V. R., and T. A. Clarke. 



1983. Reproduction, growth, and other aspects of the 

 biology of the gold spot herring, Herklotsichthys 



