532 



FISHERY BULLETIN OF THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE 



winter months, the position of the modes cor- 

 responds quite closely to those given by Ueyanagi 

 for the 10° to 20° latitudinal zone. 



If we follow the progi-ession of the modes from 

 month to month in table 5, two rather striking 

 things may be noted. First, after the period of 

 low catches in August and September, the fishery 

 resumes on striped marlin of very different weight 

 composition than existed in early summer. Second- 

 ly, between about November and April the smaller 

 mode progresses with reasonable smoothness from 

 about 30 to 50 pounds, and from about October 

 to Jidy the larger mode progresses, again with 

 reasonable smoothness, from about 80 to 105 

 pounds. If we assume that the fishery has been 

 fishing the same, stock of fish through these 

 months it would appear that such a progression 

 might be due to growth and, hence, an annual 

 increment of about 30 pounds can be estimated. 



Spawning 



In the South China Sea near Formosa, spawn- 

 ing seems to be at its peak from April to May 

 according to Nakamura (1949). He also stated 

 that audax is known to spawn near the Ogasa- 

 wara Islands around May and June. 



That spawning occurs at this season is sug- 

 gested by the scanty POFI observations 'from the 

 central equatorial Pacific. Two males with milt 

 in the testes were taken during March, and two 

 females with enlarged ovaries were taken in 

 February and March. 



Synonymy and references 



Hisliophorus audax, Philippi, 1887:35-38, pi. 8, figs. 2 

 and 3 (Chile) . 



Isltophorus audax, Fowler, 1944:499 (Tarapacd, Iquique, 

 Valdivia). 



Marlina audax, Smith, 1956a:30 (South Africa). 



Makaira audax, Smith, 1956b:758 (South Africa). 



Tetra-pturus milsukurii, Jordan and Snyder, 1901:303, 

 pi. 16, fig. 5 (Japan); Fowler, 1928:136 (Hawaii, 

 tropical Pacific). 



Makaira milsukurii, Jordan and Evermann, 1926:61, 

 pi. 18 (Japan, Hawaii, California); Griffin, 1927:143, 

 pi. 14 (New Zealand); Walford, 1937:47 (California, 

 Pacific coast of Mexico); Nakamura, 1938:27 (For- 

 mosa) ; Gregory and Conrad, 1939: 443 (New Zea- 

 land, Australia); Nichols and LaMonte, 1941:8, fig. 

 2; LaMonte and Marcy, 1941:2 (Japan, Hawaii, 

 California, Chile, New Zealand, Australia) ; Naka- 

 mura, 1942 (Formosa); Farrington, 1949:150 (Chile, 

 Peru, Ecuador, Pacific coast of Panama and Mexico, 

 California, Hawaii, New Zealand, Australia, Marianas, 

 Japan); Brock, 1950:147 (Hawaii); Gabrielson and 

 LaMonte, 1950:28 (California, west coast of Mexico 



and Panama, Ecuador, Peru, Chile [S. to Caldera], 

 Australia, New Zealand, Hawaii); Rosa, 1950:132 

 (Americas from California to Caldera, Chile, New 

 Zealand, Australia, Philippines, Japan, Hawaii) ; 

 Nakamura, 1951:36 (warm seas of western Pacific); 

 Morrow, 1952a:53 (New Zealand); Morrow, 1952b: 143 

 (New Zealand); Murphy and Otsu, 1954 (Caroline 

 Islands); Morrow, 1954:819 (East Africa); LaMonte, 

 1955:333, pi. 7, pi. 8(2), and 346, pi. 12 (2) thought 

 to be a young one. 



Marlina milsukurii. Grey, 1928:47 (New Zealand). 



Makaira grammalica, Jordan and Evermann, 1926:55, 

 pi. 16 (Hawaii). 



Makaira hold, Jordan and Evermann, 1926:63, pi. 19, 

 fig. 1 (Pacifi.c coast of Mexico). 



Makaira zelandica, Jordan and Evermann, 1926:65, pi. 

 19, fig. 2 (New Zealand). 



Telraplurus eclenes, Jordan and Evermann, 1926:34, pi. 

 11, fig. 2 (Hawaii). 



Kajikia milsukurii. Hirasaka and Nakamura, 1947:14, 

 pi. 2, fig. 1 (Formosa); Nakamura, 1949:60 (south 

 from northeastern Honshu, Japan) ; Nakamura, 

 Yabuta, and Ueyanagi, 1953 (Japan) ; Ueyanagi, 

 1954a (northwestern Pacific from Equator to 42° 

 N.); Ueyanagi, 1954b (Western Pacific from Japan to 

 Australia, Indian Ocean off Sumatra). 



Kajikia formosana, Hirasaka and Nakamura, 1947:13 

 (Formosa); Nakamura, 1949:61 (Philippine Sea to 

 Japan). 



Kajiki, makajiki, akakajiki, striped marlin, Nakamura, 

 1944b (Formosa); Van Campen, 1952 (Caroline 

 Islands); Yabuta, 1953 (Bonin Islands); Nakamura, 

 1954b (northwestern Pacific, 14° to 30° N. latitude); 

 Farrington, 1953 (Chile, Peru, Ecuador, Pacific coast 

 of Mexico, California, Hawaii, New Zealand, 

 Australia) . 



Probable synonym 



Isliophorus ktdibundus, Whitley, 1933:83 (New South 

 Wales) . 



Makaira ampla (Poey) 



Blue Marlin 



Black Marlin (Hawaii) ; Kurokajiki (Japan) 



Distinguishing characteristics 



This is the giant marlin with the flexible pectoral 

 fin that can be folded flat against the body, with 

 the more nearly cylindrical body and, in very 

 large sizes, with the relatively long snout. There 

 is less of a hump on the back than in marlina, more 

 than in audax. The anterior lobe of the first dorsal is 

 higher than in marlina, but lower than in audax. 

 The anterior lobe of the first anal fin, on the 

 contrary, is higher in ampla than in either audax 

 or marlina and the relation between the first anal 



