538 



FISHERY BULLETIN OF THE FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE 



Nakamura (1942) thought that, like the rest of 

 the spearfishes, ampla spawns over long periods 

 of time in wide areas of ocean, and he suspected 

 that the great increase in the proportion of males 

 in the catch off Formosa during May is indicative 

 of the spawning season. He also stated (1951) 

 that ampla spawns east of Luzon from May to July. 



Synonymy and references 



No attempt has been made to include a comprehensive 

 list of reference.s to the Atlantic form. 



Tetrapturus amplus, Poey, 1860: 243, tab. 15, fig. 2, 

 (Cuba). 



Tetrapturus mazara, Jordan and Snyder, 1901:305 

 (Japan); Fowler, 1934:400 (Japan, Hawaii). 



Makaira mazara, Jordan and Evermann, 1926:53, pi. 11, 

 fig. 2 (Japan, Hawaii); Griffin, 1927:141, pi. 13 (New 

 Zealand); Nakamura, 1938:28 (Formosa); Nakamura, 

 1941 (Philippine Sea); Nakamura, 1942 (Formosa); 

 Brock, 1950:146 (Hawaii); Nakamura, 1951:37 (north- 

 ern tropical Pacific) ; Murphy and Otsu, 1954 (Caro- 

 line Islands); LaMonte, 1955:336 (in part). 



Makaira nigricans ampla, Conrad and LaMonte, 

 1937:207 (Bahamas); Shapiro, 1938 (Bahamas); 

 Gregory and Conrad, 1939, pi. V (Bahamas); Gabriel- 

 son and LaMonte, 1950:29; Rosa, 1950:145 (north- 

 western Atlantic, Caribbean Sea to New England). 



Makaira ampla, LaMonte, 1955:344. 



Makaira ampla mazara, LaMonte and Marcy, 1941:2 

 (Japan); Nichols and LaMonte, 1941:8 (Japan). 



Makaira nigricans mazara, Rosa, 1950:141 (Pacific coast 

 of Mexico, California, Hawaii, Japan, Australia, New 

 Zealand) . 



Makaira ampla ampla, LaMonte and Marcy, 1941:2 

 (Cuba to North Carolina). 



Eumakaira nigra, Hirasaka and Nakamura, 1947:16, pi. 

 2, fig. 2 (Formosa); Nakamura, 1949:65 (warm seas 

 of Pacific and Indian Oceans) ; Nakamura, Yabuta, 

 and Ueyanagi, 1953 (Japan); Yabuta, 1954 (western 

 Pacific, Japan to Australia and ea.st to Line Islands, 

 Indian Ocean off Sumatra). 



IsHompax howardi, Whitley, 1954:58, pi. 3, fig. 3 (Aus- 

 tralia) . 



Acapulco black marlin, Gabrielson and LaMonte, 

 1950:515 (Pacific coast of Mexico). 



Kurokajiki, black marlin. Van Campen, 1952 (Caroline 

 Islands); Yabuta, 1953 (Bonin Islands). 



Blue marlin, Farrington, 1937; Farrington, 1949:153 

 (Cuba to New England, Caribbean Sea). 



Silver marlin, Farrington, 1953:160 (Hawaii). 



LITERATURE CITED 



Brock, Veknon E. 



1950. Keys to Hawaiian fishes. Board of Commis- 

 sioners of Agriculture and Forestry, Honolulu, 

 Territory of Hawaii, Division of Fish and Game, 

 Special Bull. 4, 191 pp. 



Conrad, G. Miles, and Francesca LaMonte. 



1937. Observations on the body form of the blue marlin 

 (Makaira nigricans ampla Poey). Bull. American 

 Museum Natural History 74 (4): 207-220. 

 CuviER, Georges, and Achilles Valenciennes. 



1831. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome 8:205- 

 226, Paris. 

 Day, Francis. 



1878-1888. The fishes of India. Text and atlas in 4 

 parts. (Text 778 pp., 198 pis.) London. 

 De Beaufort, L. F., and W. M. Chapman. 



1951. The fishes of the Indo-Australian archipelago. 

 Vol. 9, 484 pp. E. J. Brill, Leiden. 



De Buen, Fernando. 



1950. Contribuciones a la Ictiologla. III. La familia 

 Istiophoridae y desoripci6n de una especie uruguaya 

 (Makaira perezi de Buen). Publicaciones Cien- 

 tificas 5:163-178, Servicio Oceanografico y de Pesca, 

 Montivideo, Uruguay. Noviembre. 



Ego, Kenji, and Tamio Otsit. 



1952. Japanese tuna-mothership expeditions in the 

 western equatorial Pacific Ocean (June 1950 to June 

 1951). U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Commercial 

 Fisheries Review 14 (6):1-19. June. 



Farrington, Selwyn Kip, jr. 



1937. Atlantic game fishing. 298 pp. Kennedy 



Bros., New York. [Published in 1939 by Garden 



City Publishing Co., New York.] 

 1949. Spearfish of the world. In Game Fish of the 



World, edited by B. Vesey-Fitzgerald and Francesca 



LaMonte, pp. 144-155. Harper and Brothers, New 



York. 



1953. Fishing the Pacific, offshore and on. 297 pp. 

 Coward-McCann, Inc., New York. 



Fowler, Henry W. 



1928. The fishes of Oceania. Memoirs Bernice P. 

 Bishop Museum 10:540 pp. Honolulu. 



1934. The fishes of Oceania. Supplement 2. Mem- 

 oirs Bernice P. Bishop Museum n(6):385-466. 

 Honolulu. 



1944. The fishes. In Results of the Fifth George 

 Vanderbilt Expedition (1941). Monographs, No. 6, 

 p. 499, Academy Natural Science, Philadelphia. 



1949. The fishes of Oceania. Supplement 3. Mem- 

 oirs Bernice P. Bishop Museum 12 (2):37-186. 

 Honolulu. 



Gabrielson, Ira N., and Francesca R. LaMonte. 



1950. The fisherman's encyclopedia. 698 pp. Stack- 

 pole & Heck, New York. 



Gray, John E. 



1838. Description of a new species of Tetrapturus from 

 the Cape of Good Hope. Annals Natural History 

 1(36):313, pi. 10. London. 

 Gregory, William K., and G. Miles Conkad. 



1939. Body-forms of the black marlin (Makaira 



nigricans marlina) and striped marlin (Makaira 



milsukurii) of New Zealand and Australia. Bull. 



American Museum Natural History 76 (8):443-456. 



Grey, Zane. 



1928. Big game fishing in New Zealand seas. Natural 

 History 28 (l):46-52. 



