440 BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 



The entire production of young fish, both salmon and other freshwater 

 fish, is therefore only about 1,750,000 per annum. If we compare our 

 results with those obtained in Canada and the United States, we find 

 the following : 



Country. 



Norway 



Canada 



United States 



Number of 

 hatcheries. 



58 



11 



9 



Number 

 of young 



fish per 

 hatchery. 



Total num- 

 ber of young 

 fish per an- 

 num. 



30,600 | 



1, 956, 400 



2, 222, 200 



1, 777, 000 

 21, 520, 000 

 20, 000, 000 



This table will show at a glance where our mistake lies. We have 

 too many and too imperfect hatcheries ; and if, moreover, as is often the 

 case, they are managed by inexperienced persons, who receive no salary, 

 and who can barely spare the time to superintend the hatcheries, these 

 discouraging results will surprise no one. 



If the 58 hatcheries which are in operation were reduced to 10, and 

 if these were located in favorable places and properly superintended by 

 experienced men specially appointed for the purpose, the results would 

 be much better, without necessitating a much greater expense. It is of 

 course understood that the superintendents of these hatcheries should 

 receive a suitable salary. 



153 — SAI>MOIVII>^E IN AUSTRAJLIA.* 



By O. M. DAJVNEVIG. 



[From his report on the London Fisheries Exhibition.] 



In examining the list of the different kinds of fishes which are gener- 

 ally brought to market in Tasmania, and which form the principal food- 

 fishes of the population, we find the name u Salmo trutta," and in the 

 column of observations opposite this name we read: "Imported from 

 Europe ; now found everywhere." 



The facts are as follows : The salmonoids, which are numerous and 

 common throughout the northern hemisphere, were altogether wanting 

 in Australian waters. As early as 1841 their importation from Europe 

 was thought of, which, however, owing to the slow mode of transporta- 

 tion, seemed an undertaking fraught with insurmountable difficulties. 

 In 1852 the first attempt was made, when the ship Columbus (bound to 

 Tasmania) took out from London 50,000 eggs of salmon and salmon 

 trout. The attempt proved an entire failure. The high temperature to 

 which the eggs were exposed caused all of them to die in a compara- 

 tively short time. The next attempt was made in 1860. Impregnated 

 roe was sent out in January by the ship Curling, with a quantity of ice, 



*" Salmonider i Australien." Translated from the Danish by Herman Jacobson. 



