FLOUXDERS OF GENUS PARALICHTHYS AND RELATED GENERA 



297 



OaiMP Pishps of New Ymkl. |i. l.")?. fig.. 1002 i Now 

 Yolk I. — Bi:.\.N, C;il. Fi.sli. New Ydik. \i. 721. 1;hi;{.--Sh.\up 

 iiiid Fowi.ER, Proc. Acad. Nat. Si-i. Philadelphia 56: .">12, 

 11HI4 I Xantiicket, Mass.). — Kendai.i,, Off. Pap. Bosicm SdC. 

 Nat. Hist. 7 (.S) : 147. lOOS (Ga.vhead. North Truid and 

 Moiioiiioy, M.i.<s. : olT Stratford, off Uridfjoport. Middle 

 GroiHid. off Faiilkiiers Island, off South West Ledge and 

 off Branford Beai-on, Conn.). — Tracy. Fortieth Kept, 

 ('nmiii. Inl.-iiid Fish, Rhode Island, p. 1(!2. iniO (R. I.). — 

 Kkndai.i.. Repf. Comni. Fish. Game Ma.ssachusel:ts, 1010: 

 151, 1011 (Tisliury Great Pond. Mas-s.). — Su.MNi-3t, 

 OsnTRx. and Colk. Bull. U. S. Bur. Fish. 31 (1) : 16:i. chart 

 2(IS. 1013 (Wo(>d.s Hole, Mass.).— Bigelow and W'r.i sh, 

 ibid. 40 (1): 494, tig. 20.5, 1025.— Nichols and I'.reder, 

 Zoologica 9: 177, fig. 2.52, 1927 (Oi-ient and Sandy Hook 

 Bay. N. Y. ) .— Schroeder. Copeia, 1931: 45 (Off New 

 Jerse.v, lat. 39°2:i' N.. long. 72°18' W., 88 fathoms; lat. 

 40°04' N.. long. 73''14' W., 28 fath. Off Rockaway, New 

 York. 11 fath.). — Pearsox, I'. S. Comin. Fish.. Inv. Rept. 

 1 (10) : 24. 1032 (off Virginia and North Carolina, taken 

 in the winter trawl tishery ) . — .VoRiiAx. Mouogr. Flat- 

 fishes, p. 70. fig. 45. 1034 (Woods Hole. Vineyard Sound, 

 and Buzzards Bay. Mass.; off Long Island, N. Y.). 



Hi/'l'oglossina ohlnuga Gixsruro. .lour. Washington 

 Acad. Sci. 26: 131. 1036 (systematic position discus.sed). 



Painlichthiiti ohlo)igiis I!i(;ei.ow and ScHROEnEu. Bull. 

 U. S. Bur. Fish. 48 (20) : 340, 1936 (southern half of 

 Georges liank: Virginia ('ajjes: depth 10-112 f.ithonis). — 

 LoxGi.EY. Carnegie Inst. Wa.shington Pul>I. 53.5: 39, 1941 

 (Tortugas. deep water). 



HIPPOGLOSSINA TETROPHTHALMUS 



(PLATE 4) 



D/agnos/ft. — Scales all cycloid on both sides in 

 small as well as lai'iie specimens; 63 to 69. No 

 accessory scales. Gill I'akers rather short, 2 on 

 upper limb of first gill arch with 1 to 4 tubercles 

 above. 9 to 10 on lower limb. Anal rays 58 to 

 t)3; dorsal rays 76 to 85. Pectoral rays 10 to 12 

 (10 on both sides in 1; 11 in another; 11 on eyed 

 side, 10 on right in 1; 12 on eyed side, 11 on right 

 in another). Origin of dorsal but slightly in 

 front of anterior margin of pupil in large speci- 

 mens, nearly over middle of eye in small fish. 

 Teeth small and subeqiial, a few anterior ones in 

 upper jaw but slightly enlarged. Maxillary reach- 

 ing to a vertical through posterior margin of eye 

 in large specimens, through posterior margin of 

 pupil in small fish. Interoibital reduced to a mere 

 ridge; eye large: depth 42 to 44.6; maxillary 13.9 

 to 14.1; head 29.5 to 30.1; upper orbit 8 to 9; 

 upper eyeball 6.3 to 6.5 (measurements of 3 large 

 specimens, 274 to 332 mm.; in 1 small specimen, 

 51 mm.; depth 38.8, maxillary 15.8, head 33.5, 

 eyeball 10). Sinistral. 



980335°— 52 5 



Color. — Four large, well-marked, ocellated S[)Ots 

 on eyed side in approximately same position as 

 in ohlo)i</a, but two foremost spots in a more pos- 

 terior position, j)laced on a vertical about midway 

 between hind margin of head and base of caudal. 

 A large spot on ventral of eyed side at upper, 

 distal angle, faintly ocellated in one specimen. 

 Underside of vertical fins and caudal pi-ofusely 

 sprinkled with miiuite dark dots, in one large 

 specimen; blind siile of body similarly si)rinkled. 



Lectotype. — ^Two specimens were described by 

 Gilbert who did not designate a holntype. and 

 U.S.N.M. 47290 is hereby designated as the 

 lectotype. 



Spe(!me)iJ< cxnmhwd and gpof/ntpMc dixtrihu- 

 tion. — Gulf of California at Tiburon I., taken by 

 the Albatross ; 1 specimen 332 mm.. Station 3014, 

 lat. 28°28' N., long. 112°04'.30" W., 29 fathoms, 

 Mar. 23, 1889 (47290. the lectotype) ; 1 specimen 

 322 mm., Station 3016, lat. 29°40' N.. long. 

 112°57' W., 76 fathoms. March 24, 1889 (47268). 

 Gtdf of California off Bahia de la Paz. Albatross 

 Station 2822, lat. 24° 16' N., long. 110°22' W., 

 21 fathoms. April 30. 1888, 1 specimen 51 ram. 

 West coast of Lower California; Albatross Sta- 

 tion 3038, lat. 24°24'30" N., long. 111°53' W., 

 31 fathoms. April 8. 1889; 1 specimen 274 mm. 

 (47265). Total number of specimens studied 4, 

 from localities ranging from off Tiburon I., at 

 the northern end of the Gulf of California to 

 off Magdalena Bay on the west coast of Lower 

 California; the vertical distribution being 21 to 

 76 fathoms. Previous records apply to first two 

 specimens, one from San Francisquito Bay not 

 examined, and Hiyama's record of the west coast 

 of Mexico without more definite locality. 



Dhtmctive characters and re7aflo>h'<fi//>. — This 

 species agrees with ohlonga in all essential s]iecific 

 structural characters, except one. The origin of 

 the dorsal is nearly the same in both species, and 

 they have the same munbcr of gill rakers, fin rays, 

 and scales. The color pattern is also remarkably 

 alike, there being but a slight difference in the 

 position of the two anterior spots. This likeness 

 appears to be a case of real affinity rather than 

 parallelism. The only essential difference between 

 the two species is that fet/o/>htha//iiiis has all the 

 scales cycloid while in ohlo-nga some of the scales 

 are ctenoid. However, in ohlnngn this character 

 is liighly \ariable, sometimes the greater munber 



