BULLETIN OF THE UNITED STATES FISH COMMISSION. 55 



A BETIEW OF TIIE SPECIES OV NTOrEPHOniA FOUND OIV THE 



ATLANTIC COAST OF THE UNITED STATES. 



By JOSEPH SWAIN. 



Our knowledge of the Anchovies of the Atlantic coast of the United 

 States has been confused and imperfect. Among them I recognize 

 three species, the synonymy and diagnostic characters of which I give 

 in the present paper. 



I am indebted to Professor Jordan for the use of his collections and 

 library, and for valuable suggestions. 



ANALYSIS OF SPECIES. 



a. Body elongate, little compressed, the depth less than one-fifth the length; snout, 

 pointed ; insertion of dorsal about midway between root of caudal and end of 

 snout; caudal peduncle long and slender; depth 6 in length; ail very lateral 

 band broad, diffuse, broader than eye. D. 14; A. 19 Perfasciatus, 1. 



aa. Body compressed, little elongate; the depth more than one- fifth the length; inser- 

 tion of dorsal nearer root of caudal than tip of snout. 

 b. Anal basis moderate, its rays about 20; snout pointed, projecting much beyond 

 lower jaw; depth 4J in length; silvery lateral band very sharply defined, 



almost as broad as eye Browni, 2. 



bb. Anal basis elongate, its rays about 2G ; snout rather blunt, not projecting mnch 

 beyond lower jaw; depth about four in length; silvery lateral baud diffuse, 

 naiTow, not much broader than pupil Mitchilli, 3. 



1. Stolephorus perfasciatus (Poey) Jor. &. Gilb. 



? Engraulis argyrophanus C. & V. Hist. Nat. Poiss. xsi, 49, 1848 (equatorial 

 Atlantic). 

 Engraulis perfasciatus Poey, Memorias Cuba, ii, 313, 1860 (Havana); Poey, 

 Syn. Pise. Cub. 421, 1808 (Havana) ; Giinther, Cat. Fishes Brit. Mas. vii, 391, 

 1868 (San Domingo ; Cuba). 

 Stolepliorus perfasciatus J. &, G. Syn. Fishes North America, 273, 1682 (Wood's 

 Holl, Mass.). 



Eabitat. — Cape Cod to Cuba ; Wood's Holl, Massachusetts; Havana; 

 San Domingo. 



Head 3| (4£ in total); depth 6 (6f). D. 14; A. 19. 



Body elongate, less compressed than in S. hroicni; belly slightly com- 

 pressed, not serrated. Depth of head If in its length. Snout pointed, 

 projecting beyond lower jaw, about 5 in head, its profile below not con- 

 cave. Eye 4 in head. Mouth somewhat oblique; maxillary truncate, not 

 reaching quite to base of mandible. Teeth on mandible and maxillary 

 weaker than in 8. broicni. Opercle short, oblique. Gill-rakers as long as 

 snout. Insertion of dorsal about midway between root of caudal and 

 end of snout. Caudal peduncle long and slender. Caudal fin forked. 

 Anal rather short, without basal sheath, its base 5J in length of fish. 

 Pectoral short, 2\ in head. Yentrals 3 in head. 



