NEW SPECIES OF FLATFISH. 393 



Table of Ranges and Averages of Proportional Measltiements of 3 Specimens First Received. 



Range. 



Average. 



Total length. 

 Head 



16 to 21 inches. 

 In length without caudal: 



4.9910 4- 65 

 In head: 



I>epth 



Eye 



Saout 



Maxillan' — 

 Mandible — 



Gape 



Interorbital., 



2.09 



5.80 

 S-oo 

 4- 13 

 2.4: 



Preorbital 



Longest dorsal ray 



Longest anal ray 



Pectoral 



Ventral 



Distance dorsal to caudal. 

 Distance anal to caudal. . . 

 Width caudal peduncle — 



Scales 



Dorsal rays., 

 Anal rays. . . 



2.25 to 



6. 66 to 

 S- 43 to 

 4. 86 to 

 2. 56 to 



7. 30 to 6. 66 

 10. 42 to 10. 00 



7. 25 to 6. 25 



I. 77 to 1. 52 



I. 77 to I. 52 



1. 61 to I- 45 



2. 50 to 2. 14 



3. 44 to I. 92 

 3. 44 to 1. 92 



I. 81 to I. 65 



53 to 54 



About 19.70 inches. 

 In length utthout caudal: 



About 4. Si. 

 In head "without caudal: 

 About 2.19. 



6.18. 



5-21. 



4.45. 



2.48. 



6.97. 



10.21. 



In head: 



About 6.61. 

 1. 6s. 

 t.6s. 

 I.S4- 

 2.30. 

 2.59- 

 2.59. 

 1.70. 

 Number: 



About 85. 

 72- 

 S3- 



The ranges and averages of dorsal and anal fin rays of n specimens of Pseudopleuronectes dignabilis 

 compared with ii specimens of P. amcricanus appear as follows, the specimens of dignabilis being the 

 type and cotypes previously tabulated and those of americanus, representing localities from Cape Cod 

 to Chesapeake Bay. being selected for their size: 



The gillrakers of one specimen of P. dignabilis were 4+8 and of one P. americanus 3+7, the latter 

 the smaller specimen. 



The teetli in tlie upper jaw of P. dignabilis consisted of 2 on the right side separated by a short gap 

 from an irregular row of 1 7 on the left side. In a smaller P. americanus there was only i on the right side 

 and 19 in a regular row on the left. The lower jaw of P. dignabilis had no teeth on the right side and 

 17 on the left. P. americanus had 2 on the right side and 17 on tlie left. The upper pharj-ngeals of each 

 species have 3 rows of teeth each. In P. dignabilis the row next the mouth consists of 7 short, blunt teetli, 

 the middle row of 5 somewhat hooked and sharper teeth and the inner row of 7 still sharper and more 

 strongly hooked teeth. P. amcricanus has 7 teeth in the row next to the mouth and 6 in each of the other 

 rows and all are equally strongly hooked, longer and sharper than in tlie other species. In both species 

 there are 2 irregular rows of teetli in the lower pharyngeals, short and blunt in P. dignabilis and some- 

 what longer and sharper in P. americanus. 



The lateral line in P. dignabilis as in P. americanus sometimes has a small curve above the pec- 

 toral fin. 



The first 3 specimens received consisted of 2 males and i female, the latter being the largest. Of 

 the II specimens of the second lot, onh- the smallest two were males. Thus the males seem to run con- 

 siderably smaller than the females. All of the males have tlie scales of the left as well as of the right 

 side ctenoid. One female, however, was found to have some strongly ctenoid scales on the left side. 



Individuals vary considerably in color, the males usually being darker and the colors more strongly 

 pronounced tlian in the females. The spots and blotches show, as a rule, but faintly in fresh specimens, 

 but appear more distinctly after preservation, especially if formalin is first used. The color of the 

 8iX-inch female of tlie first lot when first received was light, irregular yellowish-brown generally, the 



