CEPHALOPODS OF WESTERN NORTH AMERICA. 315 



The gladius is remarkable in tliat it terminates posteriorly "in a conical, hollow, many ribbed, 

 oblique cone, which is inserted into the oblique, anterior end of a long, round, tapering, acute, solid, 

 cartilaginous terminal cone, composed of concentric layers, and corresponding to the solid cone of 

 Belemnites in position and relation to the true pen." (Verrill.) 



Type locality, Unalaska, Alaska, W. H. Dall, 1872. 



Distribution; The individual described by Thompson as well as the three original specimens 

 found by Dall in 1872, was cast up on the beach at Unalaska, Alaska, and it does not appear to have 

 been reported elsewhere. 



This is the largest species of cephalopod, perhaps of any invertebrate, known to inhabit the Pacific 

 coast of North America, and is stated to attain a total length of over 14 feet (Dall's largest specimen 

 minus part of the tentacles measured 427 cm.) or a mantle length of over 7X feet. 



As may be seen by a glance at the synonymy, its true generic position has been a matter of more 

 or less debate, but the consensus of opinion seems now to be clearly that its claims to a genus by itself 

 are entirely justified. Its nearest relative among described forms appears to be the Moroteuthis (or 

 Moroteuthopsis) ingens (Smith) from the Magellan region. 



Family CRANCHlIDyE Gray, 1849 (em). 

 Subfamily GALITEUTHINjE new name. 



CRANCfflONYCHIAE Joubin, 1898. 



As stated by Joubin, this group has the facies of an interesting coimccting link between the 

 Onychoteuthidae on the one hand and the highly aberrant Cranchiida on the other. Whether this 

 represents its actual relationships, however, or is rather to be regarded as an instance of converging 

 development (parallel adaptation) does not yet appear. 



Genus GALITEUTHIS Joubin, 1898. 



Galiteulkis ]ouh'm, 1898. p. 2S0. 

 Taonidium Chun, 1906. p. 86 (pars). 



Body of moderate size, elongate, attenuate, with long, narrowly separated, lanceolate fins; mantle 

 delicate, membranous, immovably adherent to the head in the nuchal region and at a point on either 

 side of the funnel. Arms short; suckers unmodified, in two rows. Tentacles long; club bearing two 

 rows of hooks along the middle succeeded distally by minute suckers, and with a well-developed fixing 

 apparatus on the carpal region supplemented by a further series of suckers and pads extending down 

 the stalk. 



Type, Galiieuihis armala Joubin, i8g8, described from a specimen taken in the Mediterranean at 

 Nice, France. 



Galiteuthis phyllura Berr)-, iqii. (PI. xuvi, fig. 1-3; pi. liv, fig. 5-6: pi. lvi.) 



Calttculhis /'hylhtra Berry, 1911, p. 593. 



Animal of moderate size, exceedingly delicate and translucent. Mantle membranous, smooth, 

 thin, elongate; tapering gradually to the beginning of the fins, whence it continues between them to 

 their tips as a slender, attenuate, spit-like process containing little but the gladius; anterior mantle 

 margin thin, entire, closely and broadly adherent to the body in the nuchal region and imdergoing a 

 similar firm fusion with the base of the funnel on cither side below, so that the water finds ingress to 

 the mantle cavity by three openings; of these the two lateral are very broad and full, but the mantle 

 margin is drawn more tightly across the funnel so that the ventral opening is considerably smaller. 

 Fins remarkably developed, lanceolate, as broad as the body at its widest point, but leaf-like, thin, and 

 excessively long and slender; nearly half as long as the body, attached for their entire length, and 

 barely separated in the median line by the delicate integument covering the gladius. 



