364 BULLETIN OF THE BUREAU OF FISHERIES. 



Family CAMPANULINID^. 



Trophosome. — Colonies usually small, often unbranched; hydrothecae not always pedicellate, 

 tubular, provided with an operculum of converging segments; diaphragm present; hydranths with 

 conical proboscis. 



Gonosome. — Gonophores producing sporosacs or free medusae. 



Key to the Gener.\ op CAMPANtn,iNiD^ Found in the Be.mifort Region. 



A. Colony unbranched, hydrothecse sessile, tubular Cuspidella. 



B. Colony branched or unbranched, hydrothecse turbinate Lovendla. 



Genus CUSPIDELLA. 



Trophosome. — Colony unbranched; hydrothecae sessile, tubular, with conical 

 operculum which is not distinctly marked off from the remainder of the hydrotheca. 

 Gonosome. — Unknown. 



Cuspidella humilis (Alder). 



Campanularia humilis Alder, Trans. Tyne. F. C, V, 1862, p. 239. 

 Cuspidella huviilis Hincks. British Hydroid Zoophytes, 1868, p. 209. 



Trophosome. — Sessile, tubular hydrothecae arise from a creeping stolon; very 

 small, 0.2 mm. in height; operculum of 10 to 12 converging segments. 



Gonosome . — Unknown . 



Distribution. — Growing on a branching bryozoan on the piles of the railroad 

 bridge, near Beaufort. 



Genus LOVENELLA. 



Fig. 25. — Cuspidella hu- 

 mi/is (Alder). A, por- Trophosome. — Colony usually branched; hydrothecae turbinate; operculum 



tion of stolon with sharply defined by a sinuous margin on the tube of the hydrotheca. 



three hydrot ccas. , Gonosome. — "Gonangia borne on the stems, producing free, bell-shaped me- 



hydrotheca more " . *; ° . "^ 



hiuhly magnified, dusst With eight tentacles m two sets, and four lithocysts. (Nutting.) 



Lovenella clausa (Loven). 



Campanularia clausa Loven, Bidrag till Kannedomen om .SUlKtena Campanularia och Syncoryna, 1836. p. 262. 



Lmienella clausa Hincks, Br. Hydroid Zoophj tes. 1868. p. 177. Hincks, Ann. and Mag. N. H., 4th ser. 8, 1871, p. 79. 



Lovenella gracilis Clarke, Hydroids of Chesapeake Bay, 1882. p. 139. 



Lovenella clausa Hartlaub. Die Hydromedusen Helgolands. 1897, p. 501. 



Trophosome. — Colony unbranched or slightly branched. In the unbranched forms the pedicels 

 are long and slender, varying much in the extent of their annulation. The stem in the branched forms 

 may be annulated more or less, or wavy in outline. Hydrothecae are long, turbinate, with much space 

 between the diaphragm and the base; operculum formed of eight wedge-shaped segments, each with a 

 distinct, rounded base, showing plainly the margin of the hydrotheca. 



Gonosome. — Gonophores appearing on the stem in much the same way as the hydrothecae but with 

 short pedicels; gonangia much elongated, about twice the length of the hydrothecae, somewhat tubular 

 but wider at the distal end or near it and tapering very gradually to the base; distal end truncated. 

 Each gonangium contains about five medusae, which, when liberated, are globose, have four radial 

 canals and eight tentacles, two of which are rudiment;u-y. Two are large and bulbous at the base; 

 these are opposite two of the radial' canals; at the end of the other two canals are the two rudiments: 

 the other four are smaller and are not bulbous at the base. Four lithocysts are present. 



Distribution. — Dredged in Bogue Sound, 10 feet. 



When Hincks described this species in 1868, he had not seen the gonosome, but later, on finding it, 

 he described and figured it. When Clarke described his species from Chesapeake Bay, he evidently 

 looked up Hincks' first paper but not the second. He obtained specimens of Lovenella clausa with the 

 gonosome, and as he considered that the gonosome had not been described, he hesitated to put the 



