( 467 ) 



Underside : median bars and black postdiscal spots of forewiog, and discal 

 arched bars of liindwing obviously heavier than in lampedo; discal interspaces of 

 forewing more suffused with white; rufous red postdiscal patch SC" — R' of hindwiug 

 absent. 



Length of forewiug : ? , 48 mm. 



Hab. Mangoli, Sula Islands, 1 ? (Dr. Platen) ; also in Dr. Standinger's 

 collection. 



d. Ch. fabius echo (Nov. Zool. V. t. 7. f. 2. ? ). 



C'lmraxes echo Butler, Ann. Mag. N. H. (.3). XX. p. 400. t. 8. f. 5. G. ^ (1867) (Siugapore) ; 

 Druce, Proc. Zool. Snr. Land. p. 346 (1873) (Malacca) ; Dist., R!ioj). Mitl. p. 103. n. 1. f. 38 

 (1883) (Singapore: Mai. Pen. ; Borneo) ; Nicev. & Martin, Jourii. As. Sac. Beng. LXIV. 2. 

 p. 437. n. 2(!0 (189.i) (Selesseh) ; Butl., Jonrii. Linn. Soc. Lond. XXV. p. 357. n. 18 (1896) 

 (Labuan ; Sarawak) ; Hagen, Irh IX. p. 183. n. 241 (1896) (N. E. Sumatra). 



Nymjihalis fubius var. c. Chur. echo, Kirby, Cat. Diiirn. Lep. p. 269. sub n. 18 (1871). 

 haraxes echo sumatramis Rothsch., Nov. Zool. V. expl. of PI. VII. (1898) (Sumatra). 



S- Wings above : slightly olivaceous at base, markings sulphur or cream 



yellow. Forewing : discal spots R' — M' and R'— R- absent, only spots SC^ — R' 



and R-— R' being marked ; patches M' — SM- rather widely separated ; the post- 

 discal series e.xtending to SC ; last three submarginal dots present. Hindwing : 



band very narrow, about li to 2 mm. broad behind SC-, narrowing behind or of 

 nearly the same width ; submarginal dots very prominent, as large as or much 

 larger than the admarginal spots ; the latter separated into small dots. 



Underside. Forewiug : discal creamy white patches M' — SM- rather larger 



than above, no discal patches SC — M', but the discal interspaces sometimes suffused 

 with white scaling ; discal bar M'— M^ absent ; postdiscal spots SC* — M' much 

 shaded with drab colour, postdiscal yellow spots chrome colour, the last two 

 generally much larger than the others ; cell-bar 3 not distinctly divided into dots, 

 generally complete, cell-bar 4 straight ; median bars R- — M' continuous. Hind- 

 wing : median bars C— R' continuous, with a white band at outside; discal luuiform 

 bars bordered with bluish white distally (which is not the case in any of the 

 jireceding subspecies), barSC^ — R' sometimes obsolete; postdiscal spots deep rufous 

 red, sjiot SC- — R' olisolete, or, if marked, more yellow than the others and far apart 

 from discal bar, nearly all the spots with an indication of the black postdiscal bar at 

 outside ; black submarginal spots more or less linear. 



? . Like iS, but the markings of the upperside rather wider. 



Length of forewing : S, 30 — 33 mm. 

 „ „ ?, 34 mm. 



Clasper more widened dorsally at end than in the other forms (PI. VIIL f. 41. 42.), 

 the internal subventral ridge produced into a short tooth ; penis very short, thick, 

 dorsally with 2 to 4 curved teeth about 1^ mm. before the end (f. 22) ; i>enis-funuel 

 slender, rather long (f. 51), much less curved than in J'abitt.sjabius. 



Hah. Malay Peninsula, Singapore {tijpe^, and Borneo : Perak, 1 c? ; Pengaron, 

 S.E. Borneo, 1 S\ N.E. Sumatra : Selesseh, 1 ? , 21. xi. '93, and Battak Mts., 1 i, 

 8. vii. '94 (Dr. Martin). 



I considered at first the individuals from Sumatra, in which tlie white discal 

 liand of the underside of the hindwing is obsolete, to represent a separate sulispecies. 

 but on comparing more material from Borneo and the Malay Peninsula I find that 

 the difference does not hold good in every case. 



