( -i-l ) 



THE LEPIDOPTERA OF 13URU. 



PART \.— i;iior.\T.och:E.\. 



By W. J. J10LLANI1, Ph.D., Lh.D., F.Z.S., F.E.S., etc., 

 Clianeellor of llie M'fslrrii Unhfrsili/ of Penttsylrama, unit Dirfctor of the Cariinjie 



^funeuiii, Pittslntftjh. 



ri~^)lE iskuil of Biini (>5ouroii, Bouro, Boeroe) is situated .aiijiroximatolv ii> 

 J- lat. :r LV to :i 5iJ' S. and loii.i;-. 120° to 1'..'7 15' E., reckoned from 

 (ireeiiwicb. According to von Carnbei- it lias an area of 348T square miles, 

 covering tbereibre an area about three-lnnrtlis the size of tlie state of Connecticut. 

 It belongs to the Dutch Residency of Ainl)oyna, and is divided into twelve regencies 

 subject to tlie general control of a deputy appointed by the Resident of Aniboyna. 

 The deputy has his residence at Cajeli (=Kajeli = Kayeli) on tlie eastern coast. 

 The ]iort of Cajeli in 1804 was declared free to the shi])s of all nations. 



Tiie island is mountainous in the interior, the highest i)eak, Tomahoe, rising 

 to an elevation of 8029 feet above the level of the sea. The seaboard districts 

 are alluvial and marshy in many jjarts. The island is traversed by a multitude 

 of small streams, having a short but rapid course from the interior to the sea> 

 very few of them being worthy of being designated as rivers, except the Cajeli, 

 or AVai Apoe, whicli is navigable for a short distance. In the western portion of 

 the island is a large sheet of water, Lake AVakoholo. with a circumference of 

 thirty-seven miles and a width of two miles, which appears to occujiy the crater 

 of an extinct volcano, at an elevation of I'.iUO feet above sea level. Jlnch of 

 the island is covered with scattering forests, and the lowlands with tall marsh 

 grasses. The si)il where cleared is fertile. (Joffee and cacao are extensively 

 cultivated. Trojiical fruits abound. The principal artiide of export is cajeput 

 oil, distilled iVom the leaves of Jlejalenca cajapnti, which is extensively used 

 as a ])anacea throughout the lands of the Malays, and ])0ssesses valne as an 

 anti-spasmodic and sudorific, and is reputed to be a specific in rheuraati<; 

 affections, when a])plied externally. 



The flora of the island is very rich. Tlie mammalian fiiuna is not extensive, 

 but interesting. The avifauna, on the other hand, is of considerable extent^ 

 and includes a number of sj)ecies p<'culiar to the island. Tlie natural history of 

 Burn has received attention from a number of travellers and explorers ; Forbes 

 and Wallace being the only ones who have written at any great length npoii 

 tiic subject. Very little, has been written upon the \Lfjtit/ojjf<-i(i. Boisduval in 

 tlie \'o'/age <li- L' Astrolabe mentions a number of sjiecies found upon the i.sland. 

 Wallace in several papers describes species of his collecting as new to science, 

 and in the jiapers of a number of other authors' there are occasional references 

 t(i species found here. The entire literature of the subject does not, however, 

 furnish a hundred references to species distinctly known lo belong to the fauna 

 of Bnni. Mr. Wallace a])])arently did not do very well in his collecting upon 

 the island excejit among the I'ieridac, Kiihu failed almost entirely, and Forbea 

 did not accomplish much. It was left to Mr. William Doherty, the intrepid 

 naturalist explorer of the Malay Arcliiiielago, to make the first considerable 

 collection which lia^i ever been made niiou the island. U])on this collection, 

 which was gathered iu December of 18iil and January c;l' is'.jj, the following 

 paper is based. 



