( 317 ) 



other patches very variable in size, often tonching one another, sometimes well 

 separated, pointed distall\-, the snbmarginal portions black, the postdiscal portions 

 brown, sometimes obsolete, centre-parts brown ; white snbmarginal spots in most 

 specimens conspicuous, especially the upper two, spot C — SC^ never absent, large. 



Underside tawny cinnamon rufous or ochraceous, the glossy ])arts with purplish 

 reflections, the discal interspaces of the same tint as the postdiscal ones, but more 



or less glossy, not paler. Forewing : discal lunules more proximal than in the 



allied aristogiton and marmax, the discal interspaces often narrower than the darker 

 median ones ; discal bars black, at least the posterior ones ; median interspace 

 M' — M- nearly as wide as median interspace M' — SAP, or about one-third narrower. 



Hindwiug : glossy all over, except postdiscal and snbmarginal interspaces, 



discal luniform bars black, placed as in marmax, lunule SC^ — R' being more 

 proximal than the one before it ; submarginal white dots seldom minute or obsolete, 

 the first never absent, the black submarginal dots C — R' seldom indicated ; the 

 glossy postdisco-submarginal band as broad as in aristogiton, the section C— SC'^ 

 wider than in marmax ; admarginal line thin ; last discal lunule turning round, 

 at anal angle, to join the admarginal line ; upper tail 2 to 5 mm. long, second a 

 short tooth. 



¥ . Resembling the ? of aristogiton. 



Upperside : disc in the Palawan form very pale. Forewing : postdiscal inter- 

 spaces nearly as broad as in marmax, except upper ones, which are as in aristogiton ; 

 discal bars SC^ — R' either fused with postdisco-submarginal patches, or isolated, 

 and then bar 8C* — SC° not more proximal than bar SU^ — W ; postdisco-submar- 

 ginal patch R' — R- considerably smaller than patch SC^ — R'. Hindwing as in 



aristogiton, upper two submarginal dots always large ; central and postdiscal portions 

 of postdisco-submarginal patches more or less obviously brown. 



Underside either as in (J, with the proximal parts of the discal interspaces, 

 especially of the forewing, butfish,or much paler than J, except median interspaces, 

 which are darker, the discal interspaces entirel}' bnft-colour ; upper two white 

 submarginal spots of hindwing large ; upper tail spatulate, about S mm. long, 

 second a blunt but prominent tooth. 



Length of forewing : S, 40 — 44 mm. 

 „ „ ,, ? , 45 — 51 mm. 



Penis and penis-funnel as in aristogiton. 



Hab. Java, Sumatra, and Palawan ; not yet known from Borneo, nor from the 

 Malay Peninsula, where the species most likely occurs. 



The forms united here \mi\ev harmodiiis are evidently the insnlar representatives 

 of the Indian Ch. aristogiton. We should not hesitate in treating aristogiton as a 

 subspecies of Ch. harmodius, if it were quite beyond doubt that Ch. marmax (which 

 name is older than harmodius) is specifically distinct from aristogiton. 



For the present, we consider it more opportune to keep harmodius specifically 

 apart, feeling the more justified in doing this as there are no intergradations between 

 aristogiton and harmodius known. Such intergradations can be expected to occur 

 in the Malay Peninsula, where as yet no representative has been obtained. 



Ch. harmodius has generally been overlooked or misidentified by entomologists. 

 Herr Frnhstorfer {I.e.), drawing attention to the species in a note entitled : " Ein 

 arg verkaunter Charaxes ans dem Malayischen Archij)el," shortly criticises Staudiiiger, 

 Semper, Nic(5ville, and Hagen ; but unfortunately he makes himself a mistake in 

 maintaining that the specimens from Java, Sumatra and Palawan are identical. 



