( 481 ) 



marginal spots mostly larger than in <? ; admarginal interspaces also generally 

 larger, their colour variable, anal one (sometimes the last three) of an olive buff 

 tint, the others more or less tawny orange, this colonr sometimes restricted to inter- 

 spaces C— R^ which occasionally are mnch shaded purplish black. 



Underside: bars essentially as in d", median bars R^— M' of the forewing 

 mostly absent in the specimens with a curved band ; discal and postdiscal inter- 

 spaces of forewing and the median and discal ones of hindwiug paler than in c?; 

 often a discal band of a bluish white or huffish white colour present ; tails longer 

 than in 3, less acute, upper one often spatulate, sometimes truncate. 



Length of forewing : S, 30 — 40 mm. 

 „ „ ?, 35— 44 mm. 



Clasper narrowed into a concave lobe (PI. VIII. f. 33. 34. 35) which is very little 

 curved mesiad, the armature being formed by a sharp long tooth into which the ridge 

 is produced that runs from the ventral edge of the apical lobe to the inner surface of 

 the clasper, this tooth has a ventral position, it projects mesiad and is, therefore, 

 best seen in a dorsal (f. 35), or ventral view (f. 33) ; tenth tergite not divided, 

 rounded triangular ; penis-funnel (f. 45, 46) short, broad, free portion triangular, 

 extreme tip compressed, forming a short, sharp, hook ; penis with a triangular, 

 dextro-lateral ridge ventrally about 2J mm. before the end, this ridge is variable in 

 height and outline, always more or less dentate, an irregular series of teeth of 

 variable size runs on the left side of the penis, from the ridge obliquely towards the 

 dorsal side of the penis, the series ending about | mm. before the tip (PI. VIII. 

 f. 12—18), number, size, and position of teeth variable, the ridge and the portion of 

 side of the penis immediately before it often rugate and rather densely denticulated, 

 while in other individuals this jjortion is smooth and the series of teeth is regular ; 

 but this difference is individual only. 



Hab. All over Africa south of the Sahara, except Cape Colony and Natal. In 

 the Tring Museum over 220 c? <?, and 48 ? ? . 



"We distinguish two subspecies : Ch. etheocles etheocles and Ck. etheocles viola, 

 a. Ch. etheocles etheocles. 



$. Papilio Eques Achivus etheocles Cramer, Pap. Ex. II. p. 34. t. 119. f. D. E. (1777) Sierra 

 Leone; Goeze, Ent. Beytr. lU. 1. p. 85. n. 69 (1779); Fabr., Spec. Lis. II. p. 12. n. 41! 

 (1781) (Afr. occ.) ; id., Mant. Ins. II. p. 6. n. 51 (1787); Herbst, Naturs. Schmett. IV. p. 71. 

 n. 157. t. 65. f. 3. 4 (1790); Gmel., Sysl. Nat. I. 5. p. 2234. n. 299 (1790). 

 § . Papilin Nymphalis etheocles, Fabricius, Ent. Syst. III. 1. p. 64. n. 200 (1793) (syn. pro parte). 

 ? . Eriboea etheocUssa (!), Hubner, Vers. bek. Schmett. p. 47. u. 431 (1816-27). 

 $. Nymphalis etheocles, Godart, E?ic. Meth. IX. p. 355. n. 17 (1823); Doubl., Westw. & Hew., 



Gen. DIurn. Lep. 11. p. 308. n. 7 (1850) (pt.) ; Kirby, Cat. Diuni. Lep. p. 269. n. 21 (1871). 

 (J. Nymphalis ephyra Godart, I.e. p. 355. n. 18 (1823) (Afr. occ. : pt.) ; Doubl., Westw. & Hew., 

 l.c. p. 308. n. 8 (1850) (pt.) ; Kirby, Cat. Dium. Lep. p. 269. n. 22 (1871) (pt.) ; Mab., Bull. 

 Soc. Zool. Fr. I. p. 280 (1876) (Congo ; synom. ex parte) ; Dewitz, Nov. Act. Leap. Car. Ak. 

 Naturf. XLI. 2. 2. p. 8. n. 28 (1879) (N. Angola). 

 ?. Chiirai-j-s etheocles, Thon, Naturg. Schmett. p. 74. t. 37. f. 547. 548 (1837) ; Butl., Cat. Dium. 

 Lep. descr. by Fabr. p. 52. n. 9 (1869) (pt. ; ephyra = ^J of etheocles?) ; Caproun., C. R. Son. 

 Ent. Belrj. XXXni. p. 125. n. 69 (1889) (Kassai). 

 ? . Charaxes etheocles (!), Butler, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lotul. p. 629. n. 23 (1865) (pt.). 

 cj. Charaxes ephyra, Butler, l.c. p. 629. n. 24 (1865) (pt.) ; Plotz, Stett. Ent. Zeit. XLI. p. 194. 

 n. 106 (1880) (Cameroona ; VIII. XII.) ; Staud., Exot. Tagf. p. 170 (1886) (pt. ; Gold Coa-st ; 

 Gaboon ; Angola) ; Capronn., /.<-. p. 146. n. 79 (1889) (Gaboon) ; Godm. & Salv., Proc. Zool. 

 Soc. Loml. p. 440. n. 85 (1890) (Aruwimi) ; Trim., ibid. p. 80. n. 36 (1891) (S.W. Afr. : 



