( 4(i7 ) 



Adult mall', iafrcsldii moidhil plummie. — Fofelieail, crown aiul back dull sooty 

 black, without any gloss (some specimens have a small patch of white on the 

 lores) ; lower back, rump, and upper tail-coverts dark grey, often paler on the 

 shorter upper tail-coverts ; scapulars pure white ; chin and middle of throat, belly, 

 and under tall-coverts whitish ; sides of throat, foreneck, breast and sides greyish, 

 with indistinct vermicnlations of dusky ; wings black, the basal part of the jirimary 

 ([uills white, ibrming a visible speculinn ; two middle pairs of tail-feathers black, 

 outermost pair white, with the basal [lart of the inner web black, intermediate pairs 

 black tipped with white, the fifth pair having the outer web mostly white. 



Total length ca. 8-5 in.; wiug 3-8 — 3-9, tail 4-1 — 4-3, tarsus 1-1. 



Adult female. — Differs from the mile in having a patch of chestnut feathers 

 on either flank. 



Yoiniq birds. — Have the general colour above brown, with fine transverse bars 

 of buff and blackish ; scapulars buff or whitish ; the under parts, except the belly 

 and under tail-coverts, brownish white, barred with dusky ; the wing-coverts and 

 secondaries margined with rufous ; the white extremities of the outer tail-feathers 

 washed with rufous and mottled with black, and all the rectrices have a subterminal 

 black line. 



Hah. (.'ape Colony and Namaipialand, and apparently of accidental occurrence 

 in the Transvaal. 



27. Lanius smithi. 



CoUiirin sinillii Fraaer, P.Z.S. 1843. p. 10 (Cape Coast). 

 Lduitfs HinitJii Gadow, t. c. p. 2.58. 



Adult malr in. fresJd;/ moulted plumaife. — Differs chiefly from L. eollari.i in 

 having the forehead, crown and liack deep glossy black, and the four outer pairs of 

 tail-feathers black, narrowly tipped with white ca. 0-4 in. wide, rarely somewhat 

 wider on the outermost pair; as in L. /lumeralig, the entire under parts are ])ure 

 white. 



Total length ca. 8 in. ; wing 3-3— 3-6, tail 4'1 — 4-5, tarsus l-().j— M. 



Adult/emale. — Differs from the nude in having a patch of rufous on the flank 

 feathers, and in being slightly smaller. 



Younij birds. — Very similar to the young of L. collnris. 



Birds from Angola, the Congo, and Ecpiatorial Africa are as a rule slightly 

 larger than examples from Ashanti, but do not appear to differ in any other respect. 



Hab. West Africa, from Sierra Leone to Angola, and extending eastwards into 

 E(jnatorial Africa. 



28. Lanius newtoni. 



Lanim (Fh,-n>^) micloiii Bocage, ./. .!.■. Lish. Cl.\) ii. p. 70 (1S;)0) (I. of S. Thomas). 



Adult male. — Easily distinguished from L. smithi by having the rump and 

 npiier tail-coverts glossy black, like the rest of the upper parts ; no visible white 

 speculum at the base of the primaries, though some have the extreme base of 

 the inner web white ; middle tail-feathers black, outermost pair with the inner 

 web and tip white, the fourth and fifth pairs with the tip and the basal part of 

 the inner web white. 



Total length ca. 8'5 in. ; wing 3-6, tail 4-.5, tarsus li. 



