( 40O ) 



1. c?. Offadol, South Morocco. Tbis specimen is an iiitcnnediatc form between 



L. assimih'.f and L. p/(llri?>-ostris, tlio inner wel)s of the secon(hiries 

 being largely white, and the black markings on the two onter pairs 

 of tail-feathers being intermediate. 



2. S- Hasil Ail), South Morocco. Is similar to No. T), and intermediate iietweeu 



L. algeriensis and L. a.ssimilis. 

 ;'.. Adnlt. l{asil Aiu, South Morocco (type of L. a. dodsoni Whitaker). This 



specimen resembles No. (i, and closely approaches L. piil/i(/iro.flrix. 

 4, ?. Eii/.cla Smera, ( V'utral Morocco. Tiiis is a typical specimen of 



L. palUtlirostris, but the black on tiie outer tail-feathers is 



confined to the shaft, 

 o. ^. Enzela Smera. Apjiears to be intermediate between L. (ihjrrieiixis a,w\ 



L. assimili.H, the tail being marked as in tlu; former, while the 



largely white inner webs of the secondaries and wliite under jiarts 



suggest the latter. 

 (!. S- Enzela Smera. Is typical L. ji((Ui<liro.strin ; but, as in certain birds 



from Palestine, tlie black on the outer tail-feathers goes to the 



base and suggests an approach to L. ulyericnisis. 



It will thus be seen that no two specimens of the above are quite the same, 

 and that L. a. dodsoni is really founded on a number of intermediate forms 

 approaching L. algerierms, L. ammilis, and L. puUidirostris, more or less as the 

 case may be. 



The brownish tinge on the upper parts of all si.K si>ecimens is due no doubt to 

 the worn state of their plumage. All were obtained between April 2r)th and Jiuie (ith. 



I have examined three specimens collected by Mr. Meade- Waldo in southern 

 Morocco in June and July. The bird shot in the latter month is nearly freshly 

 moulted, and has the upper parts grey without a trace of brown : among the 

 new plumage a few of the old and worn brown feathers may still be seen. 



JIab. North-East Africa and South-West Asia, ranging north to Palestine 

 and Mesopotamia, south to Abyssinia, westwards to Morocco, and eastwards to 

 North-West India. 



13. Lanius uncinatus (PI. XXVII. fig. 12). 



Lanhis imc'iimhut Scl. & Hartl., P. Z. H. 1.S8I. p. ICH. fig. 1 ; Gadow, t. c. p. 245. 



Ailidt nude. — Nearly allied to L. jiulliiliroxtrix, but somewhat smaller, and 

 distinguished by having tlie white sj)ecnlnm on tlie primary (jnills mncli reduced in 

 size, the white at the base of the rpiills only extending for about half an inch lieyond 

 the greater coverts. The narrow black band at the base of the culmen is about 

 0-1 in. wide (see PI. XXIV). The size of the bill is a variable character, and 

 cannot be depended upon as a specific distinction between this species and A. 

 pallidirostris, but the wing is always less than 4 in. in length. 



Total length ca. O-."), in. : wing S-'.l, tail 4, tarsus 1-15. 



Adult female. — Similar to the male, but slightly smaller. 



Immature birds (with the feathers of the wings and tail not yet fully developed) 

 differ in having the uiJjier parts strongly washed with brown, the breast and sides 

 snifnsed with the same colour, aTid in showing faint traces of iliisky liars ; th(^ wing- 

 coverts, secondaries, and middle tail-feathers tijiped with brownish liuif, the edges 

 to the secondaries forming a narrow band across the wing. 



Hub. Island of Sokotra. 



