( 476 ) 



Adidt femuU' in worn phnimge (May). — Has tlip forelieud, crown, iiml iiajie 

 light rni'ons clicstnnt, miu'.li j>aler tliaii in tlu' fieslily luonltcil iiird, tlie liuti' on 

 the sides of tlie liody nearly olisolete, and the barring much reduced. 



Yonnii birds. — Kesenihh' the adult fniinli', but the <i;enerai colour of the back is 

 reddish like the erowu, and all the feathers have narrow concentric dusky bars. 



Hull. Islands of Japan and iieiu-liboiniiii; parts of Siljeria and China, from the 

 month of the Amur tn ( 'hel'oo. 



42. Lanius validirostris. 



Luniiist nili'iliroKhis Grant, Bull. li. (). C. iii. no. xix.'p. .\lix. (ls'.)4) (Bengnct Dist., Luzon) ; Ihiii. 

 18114. p. 512 (liengnet Dist.), 1895. p. 4.00 (Mt. D.ata, Luzon), and IH'.IC. p. 4(;7 (Miniloro). 



Adidt iiiidc and Jfiniilr in frexidi/ iiwidU'd jjhnii((<ic. — (leneral colour above, 

 including- the rump and iijiper tail-coverts, grey, the latter being, however, slightly 

 shaded with rust-C(d<)ur ; a band across the forehead ca. O-".^ in. wide, lores, 

 feathers roimd eye and ear-coverts black ; under parts white ; sides and flanks rust- 

 red ; wings brown-black, some of the inner secondaries narrowly edged with buff 

 on the outer web ; tail similar, the outer feathers with narrow terminal luargins of 

 whitish liuff. 



Total length ca. N-.") in. ; wing 3-3 — 3-4, tail 4-7 — 4-'.), tarsus 1 — l-O;"). 



llab. Philii)]iine Islands : Higblauds of Luzon and Mindoro. 



43. Lanius tephronotus. 



CoUurio tejdirmioliis Vigors, P. Z. S. 1831. p. 4ii (Himalayas). 

 Lmiiiis m/iiileiixh Ho<igs., Itid. Review, i. p. 44.') (1837). 

 CoUiiriii oliKniriur Hodgs., in Gray's Zool. Mine. p. 84 (1844). 

 Lanitm iepht-onotiix Gadow, t. c. p. 2G0. 



Adult male and female in J'resld;/ moidted jdniiKKje (i>ecember to January). — 

 L'rowu, nape, entire back and scapulars dark grey ; rump rust-red, inclining to 

 chestnut on the upper tail-coverts ; a narrow band ca. U'lu in. wide across the base 

 of culmen, as well as the lores and ear-coverts bl.ick ; chin, throat, middle of 

 breast and belly white; sides of chest, breast and flanks rusty or cinnamon ; wings 

 blackish, the extreme base of the primaries whitish, but not forming a visible 

 speculum ; secondaries and wing-coverts margined with whitish buff : tail- 

 feathers dark brown. 



Total length ca. 9-5 in. ; wing 4-~', tail 4-T, tarsus 1-2. 



The measurements of the fcmah' are somewhat smalh'r : wing 4, tail 

 4'r) in. 



Innnat/ire hirds. — Diil'er froiu the above in having the general colour of the n])per 

 parts much browner ; the ujiper tail-coverts barred with blackish, the black frontal 

 baud absent ; and the lores mostly whitish ; the under parts are as in the adult, 

 but the sides of.the ne('k, chest and flanks are marked with dusky concentric bars : 

 the inner scapulars and secondaries are edged with black and dull buff lines : and 

 the tail-feathers narrowly tipiie<l with white, margined iiiti>rnally with a black line. 



A ne.stlinq has the n]iper and under parts, except the chin and throat, barred 

 and marked with dusky. 



-//"/■. Ilimaliiya Mountains ranging from Cashmere to Assam, and thence 

 southwards thmngh Cachar and ^lanipnr to Uppt-r Bin-mah, and eastwards to 

 Yunnan. 



