(482) 



Lniiiim fermniieps Hodgs., Itiil. Her. ISST. \\ 446 (Ne)ial). 

 Oloiiirhi pha- nil-urn Bogd., t. c. pp. 3, 200, and 215. PI. I. fig, 1. 

 Oininclu pUcenifnra 3 var. intermedia Bogd., t. c. pp. 3, '.1, 201, aud 21. i. 

 Olomehi rrislain Bogd., t. c. p. 41. 

 ? Phoiicus brachyurus Bogd., t. c. )). 85. 



Adult male. — Very similar in general ajipearance to A. plia'mcuroides, Imt may 

 1)6 at once (listiiigiiislied by the absence of the white sjieenlnm at the base of the 

 liriinary iiuills and by the buff colour of the breast and under parts, inclining (ii tawny 

 on the flanks ; the colour of the top of the head is, moreover, as a general rule of a 

 more rusty tint and less distinct from the colour of the mantle. 



Total length ca. 7-5 in ; wing -3 — 3-34, tail 3-4, tarsus iDo. 



A(/i(lt female. — Similar to the male, but generally retains some sliglit traces of 

 barring on the sides of the breast and flanks. 



Immature birds. —^Iwch like the young of L. phmiicuroidcn, but the ground- 

 colour of the under parts is suffused with buff. 



As in the other members of this group, the moult takes place between January 

 and March, the date varying somewhat according to locality ; and most of tiie birds 

 are in full breeding dress by the end of March or April. 



Young birds. — Retain their barred plumage till the spring moult and, as a rule, 

 especially among iha females, do not completely lose all trace of barring at the 

 first moult. 



Ilah. South-Easlern aud Central Asia, ranging on the west throughout the 

 Indian Peuinsula to Ceylon ; southwards tlirough the Malay Peninsula aud Labuan ; 

 eastwards to Cochin China and the Philipjiines ; and extending northwards to llie 

 Ussuri Valley, the Amoor, Lake Baikal and Krasnojarsk. 



This species apj)ears to breed almost entirely in the nortiiern parts of its range, 

 only visiting India, etc., in the cold season ; the great majority of these cold-weather 

 visitors are immature birds. 



0.1. Lanius isabelliuus. 



Liiiiiiix imheUiniin Hempr. <<• Ehvenb., N/////A. /'/o/--. i. fol. e. fuotuote 2 (1S2S) (Giimfuddc, Arabia); 



Gadow, t. c. p. 277. 

 LdiiiusiireiiHriux Bljth, .y.-l.S'. Brmi. xv. p. ,'504 (1840) (bt'twecn Siud and Ferozepur). 

 Lanius rufimndiin Brehm, J.f.d. 1857. ji. 711 (Blue Nile). 

 Laiiius phatiicurus var. caiiirepa Severrz. (nee BIyth), Turkid Jefulii. p. C7 (1873) (lowlaml.s frmii 



Syr-Daria to Lepsa River) ; Dresser, ll'is, 187ri. pp. 185. 187. 

 Lanius xpei-uligerux Tacz., J.f.O. 1874. p. 322 (Argun River, Uauria) : Gadow, t. c. p. 27',i. 

 Tjanius ranesceus* Scbalow, J.f.U. 1875. p. 150. 

 Olumehi. imbelliiia Bogd., t. c. p. 28. PI. I. fig. 4. 

 Otoiiiela isuhellina var. on-idenlalis Bogd., t. c. pp. 202 and 21('i. 

 Otomehi. imhellina var. wiijor Bogd., t. c. pp. 28, 38, 204, and 2 Hi. 

 Otumeta isabelliua var. orienlalis Bogd., t. c. pp. 28, 38, 204, aud 210. PI. I. fig. 5. 



Adult ma,le. — Crown and upper ])arts isabelline or sandy brown, varying 

 slightly in tint, the forehead aud crown in freshly moulted specimens being some- 

 times tingc^d with rusty ; the rump and tail dull rufous, the feathers of the latter 

 being nornniUy devoid of black markings ; siiot in front of eye and ear-coverts black ; 

 under parts white tinged with bnlf on the sides of the neck, breast and flard<s ; 

 primary ipiills black, with a well-marked white basal speeuliuu extending for aliont 

 ()'3 in. beyond the greater coverts ; in some male examples, however, the specnliiiu 

 is less conspicuous. 



* Apparently a clerical error for L. ranirrjis Sevcrtz. 



