f 559 ) 



below bluish boriiy. Cniwii of hciul distinctly rut'ons-browii, in conspicuous contrast 

 with the obvionsly greenish olive n[)]ierside. Tail shorter, measuring only 80 to 

 89 mm., rounded, diiferencc between central and lateral rectrices 5 to mm. or less. 

 The males are much larger than Moa females, but only a few of onr birds are reliably 

 sexed. 



Waterstradt obtained several specimens on Guuong Tahan, at elevations of 

 15011 and at least 200O ft. 



This species is common in the Malay Peninsula, north to Tenasserim, where it 

 is abundant. 



It is replaced in Borneo by a closely allied form, TrichophoDis (/nttiiralix Bp., 

 Coiisp. i. p. 2()2, ex Borneo. It is hardly distinguishable from the llalaccan bird, 

 and lias the same rounded tail, bnt appears to be always less yellow on the underside, 

 the throat less pure white, the tail and general size a little larger. Tail 87 to 

 93 mm. It must be recognised as a subspecies : Criiiiger tephro^/eni/s guttttralis 

 (Bp.). Another closely allied form is Criniger tephrogenijs pnllidits Swinhoe, 

 inhabiting Hainan. This is about as yellow as the Bornean gicUuralis, but the crown 

 is not so rufous, the foreueck and chest more distinctly greyish, and the under tail- 

 coverts are much less ochraceous, lighter, nearly like the abdomen. Another, but 

 very much richer coloured form, with deeper ochraceous under tail-coverts, dark 

 olive-green sides aud flanks, and ochraceous middle line of the abdomen, is the 

 Criii/i/cr SKmatranus Wardlaw-Hamsay, which represents ti'pkrogi'ni/s in Sumatra, 

 and which I would also consider a subspecies of tepltrogcni/s.* 



Totally different, and occurring together with tf/ihrogeiii/s in the Malay 

 Peninsula, but most fre(£uent in S. Tenasserim, is another species : 



110. Criniger ochraceus Sloore. 



Crinigrr ochraa'us Moore, in Horsf & Moure, C(ct. iLus. E. I. Co/up. 1854. 

 p. 252 (Tenasserimj. 



Gunong Tahan, 3000 ft. 



This sjiecies differs at a glance from C ti'phrogcnij.% in i)eing much greyer below, 

 not yellow, but pale brownisii grey with very faiut yellowish lines, sides greyish 

 olive, under tail-coverts brownish ochraceons, not nearly So bright as in C. 

 tephrogeni/s, upper side less greenish, tail longer, about 100 {female) to 110 mm., 

 and more graduated, the difference between the outermost aud central pair of 

 rectrices 9| to 18 mm. It was described by Moore {Criniger ochraceus Moore, in 

 Horsf & Moore, Cat. Mtis. E. India Comp. i. 1854. j). 252 J from Tenasserim, 

 Heifer coll. The description suits our present birds, no yellow colour being 

 mentioned on the underside. The type is still in existence and now in the British 

 Museum. It is in a very bad condition, having undergone three terrible processes — 

 first badly skinned, then badly enough mounted in the East India (.Company's 

 Museum, aud at last very badly dismounted again ! Its colour is very much altered; 

 but with the aid of Dr. Sharpe aud Dr. Rothschild, and my measurements, it is now 

 decided without question that it is the more greyish bird, not the more greenish 

 aud yellowish tephrogenys. The colour of the under tail-coverts cau never have 



♦ I do not know the bird described by Oustalet from Ynnnan and Tunkin under t!ie name of CrinujcT 

 lirnrici Oust., BuU. Mns. Hist. Nat. Paris ii. IsHC. p. ISS (" Manhao et Seniao dans le Sud du Vvni-n.on et 

 Tonkin"). From the description I should think tliat this must be a hirge form ot C. tcphroijenys, as tlie 

 autlior savs it is ''tr6s voisine du C. t/utturaiis Bp., de Sumatra, de Borneo, do la p^ninsule malaise et du 

 Tenasserim," but larger, more yellow beneath. Unfortunately, he does not say from which place he had 

 material for comparison. 



