( ■^'9 ) 



10;^. Muuia acuticauda llodgs. 



M'lii/ir (ii-utiriiu(l(( Hoili^s., Asidi. Iti'-s. xix. J). 153. 1836 (X('|i;il). 

 c? ¥ iSinigei Lrbcli, :io v. 1'.h)1. 



Iit4. Gracula javanus (('uv.). ■^ 



Etdahcs Jam/iiM ('iivicr, Rcf/iie Anim. ed. \s'V.). i. [i. 377 (Java) (ul'. Nov. 

 ZooL. IX. 11)1)2. p. 43!)). 



cJ. Giiuong Taliaii, luOU ft. above the nea. 



19.5. Dissemurus paradiseiis (Iv.). 



Ciu-idaii pai-adlseas Linn., Si/st. Sut. e<l. xii. i. (KUfi) p, 172 (ex Brissou : 

 liab. Siam). 



Common on the Sungei Lebeh and on Mt. Tahan, up to about oOOU ft. 



By calling the Malay Peninsula form of Dissfmurus by the above nauie, I 

 do not wish to convey to my readers the idea that I approve of the uniting of 

 all Dititicmiiri under one name, as has recently been done by Mr. (_)ates and others. 

 Tliere are of course, as usual, a number of geographical forms, all well separable, 

 almost as good as species, though some are more difficult to distinguish. 



The first-named form is the Siamese one : Linnaeus ex Brisson, 170(3. It 

 lias a small crest, and is of small size. Apparently tiiis form extends over the 

 Malay Peninsula (north to the extreme south of Tenasserim only), Sumatra, 

 Xatunas, Borneo, and Java. (Z). platurux and hracln/phortis would then be 

 synonyms.) If, as a good series will perhajis show, the Burmese form dilfers 

 from the South Indian one, the former will be ranqoonctisis of Gould. 



The bird from Southern India, J), maltibariciif: (Lath.), is larger and has a 

 longer crest. Probably it extends along the Bengal coast to Burma — at least the 

 small material before me siiows no appreciable differences between Malabar and 

 Northern Tenasserim examjiles. It is strange that 1>. nialabaricua shouhl have been 

 confounded with the huge race with tlie enormous crest overhanging the whole 

 head, witli narrow, erect hairlike plumes on the forehead, huge bill, and a wiug 

 about an inch longer (over 180 mm.) inhabiting the lower Himalaj'as, Assam, and 

 (Jachar. Latham clearly describes and names (ex Sonuerat and Bnffon) the smaller 

 South Indian bird (" inhabiting the coast of Malabar"), while he says (S>/».., Suppl. 

 ]i. .")(■)) that the drawing of a bird among the drawings of Lady Impey represents 

 a much larger bird " with a vast crest on the forepart of the head, rising high and 

 bending backwards, before it some loose feathers," etc., and it is clearly this 

 drawing which he rejiroduces on PI. G'VIII. The confounding of the Malabar and 

 Himalayan bird (Lady Impey's drawings represented Himalayan forms) is aj)pa- 

 renHy due to looking at Latham's plate only without reading his descrijition. The 

 name of the Himalayan form would be giandis of Goulil. 



The Andamanese form is characterised by its very short frontal cresi and large 

 bill, but is generally near the S. Indian malahnricux. Its name is affiniA. 



The bird from Hainan (/>. jHiradiseus of Grant, P. Z. S. lOOD. j). 40.5) differs 

 from the North Indian form, which it resembles most in its very wide-feathered 

 full crest, apparently without very long frontal hairlike plumes, short feathers on 

 back of neck, and shorter wiug. Bill from gape 40, wing about 165, tail without 

 the lateral elongated pair 15'.) mm. I call this bird Dissemurus paradiseus 



