(■ 478 ) 

 4(i. Lanius schach. 



Laiiiiix A-xinri Oslierk, Diii/bo/,: Chliml. lirxn. p. 2^7 (17r>7) (China). 



LamiiH Krhiirh Linn., .S. .V. ed. x. i. p. 94 (1 7.')H), ed. xii. i. p. 1315 (176()) (China) ; Gadow, I. c. p. JGl 



Chestmti-lmrI.ed Slnilr Lath., Gr„. .%«. i. p. \r>'.\ ( 1781 ). 



Limiiis mxtntieiii Gmel., iS'..V. i. p. '''Jl (17HK). 



Liiiiiiis r/uHPH.vw J. E. Gray, /?rio/. .)//.sc. p. I (18.SI) (China). 



Lanius scJiiuh var. /oi«i()»re Swinh., IbiK, 1863. p. 270 (Formosa). 



Adiitl lii'ilc 'iikI. frm'tic in freshli/ mouUcd phtmiui,'. — \Vi(|i' liaiiil acros.--- 

 f'orcbcail (;iliont ()(i in. wide), lores, featlicrs round eye and car-coverls black • 

 crown, hiiidncck, and npper part of hack .y'rey, shading into rnst-red or pale chestnut 

 on the scainilars and rest of upper parts ; chin, throat, breast and belly white ; 

 sides, flanks and under tail-coverts rust-colour, paler than the back ; wings and tail 

 as in L. en/thronot>is. 



Total length ca. 11 in. ; wing 4— 4-1, tail o-4 -5-9, tarsus 13. 



Adult ill worn plumage. — The fore])art of the crown becomes whitish ; the 

 rutbns iif tlie upper parts becomes luuch paler, and in some specimens uearlv 

 disappears on the sides and flanks. 



Immnttire hirdg. — Have the upper jiarts, including the crown, rcddisl, 

 brown, mi.\eil with paler colour and barred with dusky ; the under parts are mostly 

 pure white, with a few buti-coloured dark-barred feathers on the sides of the breast. 



Hal), ('hina, Formosa, and Hainan. 



Lanius schach X L. fxiscatus. 



Hybrid e.xaui)iles between L. Kcliarli and I,. J'lisratii.f have been obtained by 

 Mr. Kickett at Foochow, and an iiuniature specimen was presented by him to the 

 British Museum. 



4 . . Lanius bentet. 



Lii.iiiiis heiilel Horsf., Tmiis. Linn. St/r. xiii. p. 14-1 (1822) (Java): Raffl., Tiuiix. I. inn. .S''«. xiii. 



p. .304 (182J) (Malay Pt-niiisula) ; Gadow, t. c. p. 266 (jiarl). 

 Laniii.-, jii/n-hunuln.-; yieiW.. (iiil. Oi.-:. i. p. 21'J. PI. CXX.W. (182.")) (India). 

 Lanitf.^ intii'rniirits Cuv. fide Lessor, TraiU (VOrn. p. 372 (1831) (Java). 

 ? Lanins mirhii Bonap., Rev. el Mag. Zool. 1853. p. 435. 



Adult male ami female infreskU/ moulted plumaye. — Very similar to L. sehacdi, 

 but smaller, with the grey extending somewhat further down the back and the 

 white wing-speculum larger, generally extending about 0'(5 in. beyond the greater 

 coverts of the primary ([uills. As in /,. schacli the black band across the forehead 

 is very wide (about ()•() in. wide). 



Total length ,ca. i)-.j in. ; wing 3'5, tail 4'4 — 4m, tarsus 1-1."). 



Worn ej'amjilex. — Diiler in the same way as those ilescribed above nniler 

 L. aehach. 



Immature sjiecimcns. — Resemble similar stages of L scliacli. 



In Java, Lombock, and Madura specimens are found approaching /.. nasutus, 

 having the crown partially or almost entirely black. These birds are found along 

 with ordinary examples of L. bentet. 



Hal). Southern part of the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Bali, Lombock, 

 Timor, and Moluccas. 



