( 371 ) 



Mr. A, L. Butler sliot an adult nuih' of Kninnis .fc/zixlam/s on the Giinong Ijan, 

 about 30110 ft. high. He found the iris brown, bill black, legs and feet of a whitisli 

 flesh-colour. 



164. Copsychus saularis musicus (Haflfl.). 



[Gracula saularis Linn., S//.sf. Nat. ed. x. (1758) p. 100 (ex Edw. Alb., Raj. 

 " Habitat in Asia." The original locality is (ex Edwards) Bengal).] 



Laniiis mmicus Raffl., Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. xiii. (1820) p. 147 (Sumatra), 

 Siingei Lebeh and other parts of the lowlands of Pahang and Kelantau, 



16.5. Kittacincla macrurus (Gm.). 



Turdus macrnrii.-i Gm., S>/st. Nat. i. ]). 820 (1788 : ex. Latham " Long-tailed 

 Thru,ih" : hab. Pulo Condere, oif the sonth coast of Cochin China). 



?. Gunong Tahau, November 1901, 1000 ft. Also obtained in the lowlands of 

 Pahang by natives. 



I cannot let this opportunity pass without discussing the names and geographical 

 forms of the " Shama." 



There is, first of all, some difficulty about tlie name. The oldest name for any 

 form of the species is, no doubt, Tardus macrurus Graeliu, 1788. Unfortunately his 

 type (or rather that of Latham's " Long-tailed Thrush ") came from the little island 

 of Pulo C'ondore, off the south coast of (Cochin China, whence we have no specimens, 

 and are not likely to get any. Dr. Sharpe has not accepted the name " Tiinliix 

 macrurus " because Latham described the lateral rectrices as quite white, while in 

 fact they have some black at the base, and the Bornean form only has the lateral 

 tail-feathers perfectly white or nearly so. Nevertheless, we can safely accept the 

 name tnacruri/s. It is not likely that the Bornean form reoccures on Pulo Condore, 

 nor is there any reason to suppose that this little island has its own Shama, Latham's 

 figure and description agreeing in every way with specimens from the continent. I 

 am not concerned about Latham's description giving the lateral rectrices as quite 

 white, because they ap])ear to be so in a skin or mounted bird, the black at the base 

 being only noticed if the under tail-covcrts are lifted, a measure hardly resorted to in 

 1783. 



Probably specimens from Cochin China and Pulo Condore are like those from the 

 Malay Peninsula and Tenasserim, rather than like those from India. 



The second name for the " Shama " is Tardus tricolor Vieillot, Nouc. Diet. xx. 

 p. 291 (1818 : ex Levaillant). It is merely based on Levaillant's Merle tricolor a 

 tongue queue," ■which, that author says is found " aux climats du sud," a rather 

 vague " habitat," which Vieillot, ajijiarently without reason, out of mere carelessness, 

 improves as follows : " On sonp^-onne que cette esj)ece se trouve dans les iles dc la 

 mer dn snd." As the specimen was given to its owner by an Englisliman, we may 

 suppose that it came from India, where the great number of English colonists mu»t 

 have come across this familiar bird. I therefore accept the name tricolor for the 

 Indian form. 



While it is quite excusable that the Indian and Malayan forms have never lieen 

 separated, it is difficult to understand that the Java bird has not been named. 



