CLUSTER-CUPS. 7 



when dispersed they are scattered singly about the 

 orifice, often mixed with the colourless cells arising 

 from the partial breaking up of the teeth of the 

 peridium. 



Let us pause for a moment in our examination of 

 the individual cups, to ascertain their manner of 

 distribution over the leaves. In this instance they 

 are scattered without any apparent order over the 

 under-surface, but generally thickest towards the 

 summit of the leaves ; occasionally a few are met 

 with on the upper surface. Sometimes two or 

 three touch at the margins, but we have never 

 met with them truly confluent ; generally there is 

 a space greater than the width of the cups around 

 each, the stratum or subiculum from whence they 

 arise is scarcely thickened, and there are no spots 

 or indications on the opposite surface. If a leaf 

 be taken fresh and the cuticle stripped off, which 

 it will sometimes do very readily, the orifices 

 through which the JEcidium has burst will appear 

 in irregular holes. If a section be made of one or 

 two of the fungi in situ, they will be seen to 

 spring from beneath the cuticle, the peridium to 

 be simple, and rounded at the base, the spores 

 clustered at the bottom, and the fringe to be a 

 continuation of its cellular substance. 



The spores in this species are orange, subglo- 

 bose, sometimes angular, and indeed very variable 

 both in size and form, though the majority are 

 comparatively large. Each of these bodies is. 



