COMPLEX BRANDS. 71 



existence of these cells was to soak the spores in 

 muriatic acid; tlien_, upon pressure of the glass cover, 

 the outer membrane and ringed cells were rup- 

 tured_, and the inner cell escaped (plate III. fig. 46). 



Germination may be induced in these spores by 

 keeping them in a moist atmosphere (fig. 45) ; but 

 the mode does riot differ from that described above 

 as occurring in the '^ corn mildew. ^^ Mr. Currey 

 writes : — " I know no microscopical object of greater 

 beauty than a number of fruits of Fhragmidiivm in 

 active germination.'^ By Phragmidium he means 

 the Aregma of this work_, of which Phragmidium is 

 a synonyme. 



Well may the reader remark on arriving thus 

 far, " Does all this examination and detail refer to 

 the fruit borne in the little blackish spots on bramble 

 leaves, which I have hitherto overlooked ?'' Ay, 

 and to several similar spots on other plants. Exa- 

 mine carefully the raspberry leaves in your garden, 

 and you will probably find similar, but smaller, 

 pustules also on the under surface (plate III. fig. 42). 

 We say prohahly, because none of our British species 

 seem to be equally uncommon with this. During 

 some years we examined hundreds of plants, and 

 did not find a single pustule. This species was 

 named by Dr. Greville Aregma gracilis, which name 

 it still continues to bear (fig. 43). Such a fate will 

 not await you if you should proceed in the autumn 

 to some chalky district where the burnet is common. 

 Go, for instance, to Greenhithe or Northfleet, on the 



