ON THE STRUCTUEAL ANATOMY OF FUNGI. 23 



Grannlons, when small, like coarse dust. 



Fibrillose, when formed of little tufts of hair or down, fibrous. 



Fihrilloso-squamose, scaly accretions of fibre. Used in de- 

 scribing the Mushroom. 



Reflexed, when the points of the Scales project a little. 



Revolute, when the Scales ai^e strongly curved back, or rolled up 

 on themselves. 



WARTS. These are excrescences covering the Pileus of some 

 species. Warts are not a part of the Cuticle, though adherent 

 to it. They are patches of the broken Volva, a sheath which 

 inclosed the raushroom in an earlier stage. The character of 

 the Warts helps to indicate different species, particularly among 

 the important Amanites. Warts are described as being Large, 

 Small, Mealy, Angular, Scattered, etc., terms which explain 

 themselves. They are said to be Acute, when pointed on the top ; 

 Floccose, if of woolly texture ; Fugacious, if easily brushed off, 

 and if disappearing as the plant attains maturity; or Persistent, 

 when firmly attached and lasting, 



THE STEM. 



This feature is present in the majority of pileated species, but 

 not in all. When there is no distinct Stem, but a mere base, the 

 plant is termed Snb-sessile. When the Stem is entirely absent, it 

 is Sessile. The interior of the Stem will be examined when we 

 come to speak of the mushroom in section. At present we confine 

 our attention to its external aspects. Its appendages will be con- 

 sidered immediately afterwards. The varying characters of the 

 Stem in different species are described by many terms which ex- 

 plain themselves, such as Hard, Smooth, Bent, etc. ; also by terms 

 already defined in connection with the Pileus, such as Sq^uamose, 

 etc. Tei'ms not yet noted are the following : 



Attenuate, tapering upwards, or downwards if specifically so 

 described. 



Blunt, Obtuse, base terminating abruptly, neither tapered off 

 nor enlarged. 



Bulbous, having enlarged base. May or may not be attenuate 

 above. 



Canaliculate, traversed by deep channels. 



Compressed, flattened or pinched in at some part. 



