24 ON THE STRUCTURAL ANATOMY OF FUNGI. 



Connate, two or more stems united below. 



Contorted, much twisted about, irregularly. 



Cylindrical, round, implying that the Stem is not compressed 

 anywhere. 



Elongate, lengthened out ; tall, or long. 



Equal, of the same thickness throughout, neither attenuate nor 

 bulbous. 



Excentric, not fixed to the centre of the Pileus, but more to one 

 side. 



Filiform, very slender, almost thread-like. 



Fleraose, zigzagged ; of wavy outline. 



Furfuraceous, covered with scales or particles having the ap- 

 pearance of bran. 



Grooved, somewhat furrowed longitudinally. 



Incrassate, swollen ; usually applied to signify a bulbous base. 



Lacunose, sui^face pitted with shallow holes. 



Lateral, growing horizontally, and attached to one side of 

 Pileus. 



Naked, without any ring or remains of Veil on it. 



Oblique, growing in a slanting or lopsided fashion. 



Obsolete, wanting in many individuals of the species, or absent 

 in maturity. 



Punctate, covered with spots and dots of colour. 



Reticulate, marked like a net, by meshed fibres. 



Rooting, having very evident roots or rootlets. 



Rufescent, tinged with reddish colouring. 



Scrobiculate, surface broken by deep irregular pits. 



Strigose, covered with little bristles. 



Swollen, Thickened, enlarged at some part of its length. 



Twisted, having a spiral tendency in its fibres. 



THE RING AND VEIL. 



These features must always be noted, or their absence re- 

 marked. In the earliest stage of development many mushrooms 

 are invested with the Veil. It is a thin membrane or filamentous 

 shield, attached to the top of the Pileus or its folded Margin, and 

 extending to the Stem. It thus forms a covering over the young 

 Hymenium. In this stage the mushrooms may be styled " but- 

 tons." As the plant grows and expands, the Veil is broken up. 

 Fragments remain on the Margin, but in most cases soon disappear. 



