30 ON THE STHUCTURAL ANATOMY OF FUNGI. 



The colour of the Spore-dust will be seen hereafter to be a 

 valuable aid in establishing the species of Agaricus. The tint 

 of the Hjmcnium is usually the same as that of the Spores, in 

 maturity ; but it is not invariably so by any means. To deter- 

 mine the tint of Spore-dust, therefore, we remove the Stem of the 

 mushroom, and place it, Gills downward, on a sheet of clean 

 paper. It is then to be covered with a glass or cup and left un- 

 touched for a night or so. On removal, the Spore-dust will be 

 found deposited on the paper. Dry and mature specimens give 

 the best results. 



PILEATED BUT NON-SPORIFEROUS FORMS. 



The ]\Iorels and Helvels, and others of the order Elvellacei, 

 together with some of the Phalloidei, possess a Pileus and Stem, 

 but are otherwise different from the forms already spoken of. In 

 these the Pileus is not expanding, but rests on the Stem like a 

 close-fitting hood or mitre. Both Pileus and Stem, are usually 

 much corrugated, but are describable by terms already given. 

 The Hymenium is, in these species, spread over the external sur 

 face of the Pileus. The Spores produced on it are not, however, 

 free. They are contained in cells, called Asci, are termed Spori- 

 dia, and cannot be examined without the microscope (PI. XLIX.). 

 Their mode of disengagement is mostly through the putrefaction 

 or deliquescence of the plant. 



NON-PILEATED TYPES. 



"We must now pass to forms of Fungi whicli are not provided 

 with a Pileus, of which there are several types. 



PEZIZA. This a large genus of the order Elvellacei. The 

 general form is that of a shallow, stem-less cup. Some are large, 

 others minute, some terrestrial, others parasitic. A few have a 

 short base, almost a Stem, and they are convolved into various 

 shapes, as of a horn, a trumpet, a snail-shell, an ear, etc. For 

 merely structural definition we may include with them some 

 species, as Bulgaria, Craterellus, etc., which belong to different 

 orders. All these are to be examined with reference to their 

 habitat, size, colour, and appearance on external and internal sur- 

 faces. We shall also find, on section, what the character of the 



