72 BLIND VERTEBRATES AND THEIR EYES. 



I have visited many caves in the Lost River region of Indiana and others have 

 visited different caves without finding this species. 



Amblyopsis has been pumped out of a well at Mitchell, Indiana. I have taken 

 it in only three caves; one specimen in Cliffy Cave and one in Hamer's Cave. 

 The only place where this species is known to be at all abundant is in the caves of 

 the Donaldson farm of Indiana University. 



Troglichthys rosae Eigenmann. Plate 6, Figs. A, B, c. 



Typhlichthys subterraneus, Garman, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., xvii, 1S89, p. 232, wells and caves, Jasper County, 

 Mo.; not of Girard. — Kohl, Rudimentare Wirbelthieraugen, 1S92, p. 59. 



Typhlichthys rose?, Eigenmann, Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci., 1897 (1S98), p. 231, Sarcoxie, Mo. 



Troglichthys rosa, Eigenmann, Science, N. S. ix, 1899, p. 280, Day's Cave, Sarcoxie, Mo.; Degeneration in the 

 Eyes of the Amblyopsidce, its Plans, Processes and Causes, Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci., 1898 (1899), p. 239 (sum- 

 mary); Eyes of the Blind Vertebrates of N. A., Archiv f. Entwickelungsmech., viii, 1899, p. 573; A Case 

 of Convergence, Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci., 1898 (1S99), p. 247. — Cox, Report U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, 1904, 

 p. 391; issued 1905. 



This species has thus far been collected by Miss R. Hoppin and by myself 

 at Sarcoxie, Missouri. Miss Hoppin found it in Wilson's Cave, Day's Cave, 

 Center Creek, and wells. Her reports were published in full by Mr. S. Garman. 

 I found the fish in the fall of 1898, in a pool just within the mouth of Day's 

 Cave. Judging from the localities where it is said they occur either in wells or 

 in caves, the species is distributed over an area 300 miles long by 100 miles broad. 



It has been reported to me as occurring in wells at Cassville, Marionville, 

 and Springfield, Missouri, and somewhere in Arkansas, in a spring in Newtonia, 

 from a cave at Joplin, Missouri, and another near Springfield, Missouri, and from 

 Turnback Cave near Marionville. A specimen from Arkansas is said to be in the 

 United States National Museum. 



It is said that 7 miles southeast of Lead Hill, in the left hollow off Cane Sugar 

 Orchard Creek, a half mile below an old mill, there is a cave where blind fishes 

 have been found. These were described in such a way as to leave no doubt of the 

 authenticity of the locality. Mr. C. H. Thompson, of the Shaw Botanic Garden 

 in St. Louis, gave the following account of a cave reported to him: 



In a cave about 13 or 14 miles north of Frederickstown, St. Francois County, Missouri, there 

 is a stream of water averaging 4 to 6 feet wide and 1 to 3 or 4 feet deep. In these deeper "pools " 

 by feeling under the rocks one will find fish which are blind. The stream does not flow out at the 

 mouth of the cave, but a few rods down the slope of the hill, directly below the cave entrance, a large 

 spring breaks out. This is probably the same stream as that found in the cave. The spring forms 

 the source of Coldwater Creek. By consulting the map the source of Coldwater Creek, as there 

 indicated, is northeast of Frederickstown. Coldwater runs in a northeast direction through St. 

 Genevieve County into the Mississippi. From the map the location of the cave is in all probability 

 the extreme southeast corner of St. Francois County. 



Typhlichthys Girard. 



The characters of the three known species of Typhlichthys are purely technical 

 and may be summarized as follows: 



a. Width of head more than 6 in length to base of caudal; length of head 3§; first anal ray 



nearer base of middle caudal ray than to anus wyandotte 



aa. Width of head 5 in length to base of caudal; length of head 3 to 3.4; orbital fat-mass elongate, 

 inconspicuous in life, not projecting; cheeks little swollen; eye on an average 0.16 



mm. in diameter, the smallest 0.14 mm subterraneus 



ana. Width of head 4.5 in length to base of caudal; length of head3j; orbital fat-mass round and 

 very conspicuous in life, projecting dome-shaped beyond contour of surrounding parts; 

 cheeks much swollen; eve less than 0.10 mm. in diameter osborni 



